人工湿地联合自然湿地处理湖滨地区生活污水与示范研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 08:21

本文选题：人工湿地 + 自然湿地　；参考：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：湖滨地区面源污染以农村生活污水为主,未经处理排放而导致大量的污染物流入湖区,对湖泊富营养化有着举足轻重的影响。因为吴城镇特殊的地理位置以及水域环境(赣江和修河入鄱阳湖口),成为鄱阳湖相关研究的主要现场。吴城镇高浓度生活污水(捕鱼期盐度也较高)未经任何预处理直接由明渠排入湖区,严重影响近湖区的水环境。本文以吴城镇堤坝外菜田为研究基地,建立人工湿地试验地联合湖区内的自然湿地处理该地区的生活污水,考察人工湿地联合自然湿地对高浓度生活污水的净化效果及盐度对其的影响、污染物沿程的变化情况和人工湿地微生物数量变化,并建立人工湿地-自然湿地联合处理湖滨地区高盐生活污水示范基地。试验结果表明,人工湿地-自然湿地联合有较好处理湖滨地区高盐生活污水的效果。吴城镇生活污水污染物排放的浓度波动范围比较大,试验期间9-12月早上含盐量(665.92-1564.51)mg/L较高,在试验期间污染物排放浓度变化范围COD(150-417)mg/L、TN(32-162)mg/L、NH3-N(18-149)mg/L和TP(4-21)mg/L;湿地系统(人工湿地+自然湿地)对污染物的去除效率CODTNNH3-NTP,平均去除效率分别达到了66.61%、57.12%、49.16%和41.31%,且人工湿地对细菌总数有较好的去除效率(50%),温度和溶解氧是影响人工湿地总去除效率的重要因素。各污染物去除效率,秋季(9-11月)春季(3-5月)冬季(12-2月),污染物(除COD外)排放表现季节性规律,秋季冬季春季,COD和TP在去除效率上表现出,秋季春季冬季的季节规律。在一定范围内盐度(以Cl-计)对NH3-N、TP去除率的影响极大,对TN去除率的影响较微弱,对COD去除率影响可以忽略不计的。总体看来,水平潜流人工湿地污染物的降解以水平推流式,污染物(除TP外)在前段去除率较高,后面降解较为缓慢,主要是受溶解氧的制约。对于TP,若温度较高,微生物的利用比基质、植物的吸附截留更多;温度较低,基质、植物的吸附截留比微生物的利用更多。
[Abstract]:Non-point source pollution in lakeshore area is mainly rural domestic sewage. Untreated discharge causes a large amount of pollutants to flow into the lake area, which plays an important role in lake eutrophication. Because of the special geographical location and water environment of Wucheng (Ganjiang River and Xiuhe River entering Poyang Lake mouth), it has become the main research site of Poyang Lake. The high concentration domestic sewage in Wucheng (which has high salinity in fishing period) is discharged directly from the open canal into the lake area without any pretreatment, which seriously affects the water environment near the lake area. Based on the vegetable field outside the dyke and dam of Wucheng city, the artificial wetland experimental site was established to treat the domestic sewage in the lake region. The purification effect of constructed wetland combined with natural wetland on high concentration domestic sewage and the effect of salinity on it were investigated. The changes of pollutants along the course and the quantity of microorganism in constructed wetland were investigated. A demonstration base for the combined treatment of high salt domestic sewage by artificial wetland and natural wetland was established. The experimental results show that the combination of constructed wetland and natural wetland has a good effect on the treatment of high-salt domestic sewage in lakeside area. The concentration of pollutants discharged from domestic sewage in Wucheng has a relatively wide range of fluctuations. The salt content in the morning of September-December is high, 665.92-1564.51 mg / L, During the test period, the range of pollutant discharge concentration was 150-417 mg / L ~ (-1) N ~ + 32 ~ 162mg 路L ~ (-1) NH _ 3-N ~ + 18-149 mg / L and TPN _ 4-21 ~ (mg / L); the removal efficiency of pollutants in wetland system (constructed wetland) was CODTNNH _ 3-NTPN, and the average removal efficiency reached 66.611g / L ~ 57.127.12g / L ~ 49.16% and 41.31% respectively, and the artificial wetland had a higher total number of bacteria. Temperature and dissolved oxygen are important factors affecting the total removal efficiency of constructed wetland. The removal efficiency of each pollutant is from September to November in autumn) from September to November in spring) from May to May in winter. The emission of pollutants (except COD) shows seasonal regularity, and the removal efficiency of COD and TP in autumn and winter show seasonal regularity, and the seasonal regularity of winter in autumn and spring. In a certain range of salinity (in the form of Cl-), the effect of salinity on the removal rate of NH _ 3-NN _ 2O _ (TP) is great, but the effect on TN removal rate is weak, and the effect on COD removal rate can be neglected. In general, the degradation of pollutants in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is pushed horizontally. The removal rate of pollutants (except TP) is higher in the front segment, and the degradation rate is slower in the later stage, which is mainly restricted by dissolved oxygen. For TPs, if the temperature is higher, the utilization of microorganism is more than that of substrate, and the adsorption retention of plant is more than that of microorganism when the temperature is lower.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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