辽河流域着生藻类群落结构及水生态健康评价
发布时间：2019-07-08 19:16
【摘要】：河流生态系统是主要的自然生态系统之一,是生物圈物质循环和能量流动的主要通道,是人类发展的重要自然资源。河流生态系统健康状况评价,是维持河流生态系统完整、建立科学合理的河流管理方案的基础。辽河流域是我国的七大流域之一,是水域生态学研究的热点水体,在为期三年的时间内(分别为2012年9月、2013年9月和2014年9月),对辽河流域5条河段(东辽河、西辽河、辽河干流和支流、浑河和太子河)300个采样点的着生藻类群落结构特征和水环境理化因子进行调查,分析每个采样点着生藻类群落结构特征和水环境理化特征,并且以着生藻类为实验对象,利用生物完整性指数(periphytic index of biological integrity,P-IBI)和生态完整性指数(periphytic index of ecologica integrity,P-IEI)对辽河流域水生态系统健康状况进行评价,对比分析P-IBI和P-IEI这两种评价体系的适用性。主要结果显示:辽河流域着生藻类物种组成和群落结构,东辽河共鉴定出3门95种,物种数目、物种密度、香农威纳指数指数和均匀度指数平均值分别为10种、1.86×104ind/cm2、2.43和0.78;西辽河4门179种,物种数目、物种密度、香农威纳指数指数和均匀度指数平均值分别为18种、2.01×104 ind/cm2、2.89和0.78;辽河干流和支流5门180种,物种数目、物种密度、香农威纳指数指数和均匀度指数平均值分别为21种、0.21×104ind/cm2、3.56和0.88;浑河3门214种,物种数目、物种密度、香农威纳指数指数和均匀度指数平均值分别为21种、2.70×104ind/cm2、3.27和0.78;太子河3门173种,物种数目、物种密度、香农威纳指数指数和均匀度指数平均值分别为16种、5.13×104 ind/cm2、3.03和0.79;各河段均以硅藻门种类最多,其次是绿藻门,第三为蓝藻门,各河段间以及5条河段间着生藻类群落结构空间异质性明显。每条河段结合采样点特征和藻类数据,选择无干扰位点或干扰极小位点作为参照位点,东辽河参照位点为E6、E15和E17,西辽河为W23、W25和W35,辽河干流和支流为L9、L56、L60和L65,浑河为H3、H11、H12、H36和H54,太子河为T13、T37、T62和T63。选择27个藻类指标,5个水环境物理指标和8个化学指标,根据P-IBI评价体系和P-IEI评价体系对每条河段进行健康评价。P-IBI显示,东辽河水生态健康状况“较好”,西辽河水生态系统健康状况“一般”,辽河干流和支流水生态系统健康状况“较好”,浑河水生态系统健康状况“一般”,太子河水生态系统健康状况“较好”。P-IEI显示,东辽河水生态健康状况“较好”,西辽河水生态系统健康状况“较好”,辽河干流和支流水生态系统健康状况“一般”,浑河水生态系统健康状况“较好”,太子河水生态系统健康状况“较好”。P-IBI评价体系和P-IEI评价体系相关性分析结果显示,东辽河、西辽河、辽河干流和支流以及浑河显著正相关,太子河相关性不显著,因此,运用P-IEI方法评价水生态系统健康状况,从理论上更加准确地评价了生态系统的完整性,具有可行性。
文内图片：
图片说明：辽河流域地理位置
[Abstract]:The river ecosystem is one of the main natural ecosystems, which is the main channel of the circulation and energy flow of the biosphere, and is an important natural resource for human development. The evaluation of the health status of the river ecosystem is the basis for maintaining the integrity of the river ecosystem and establishing a scientific and reasonable river management plan. The Liaohe river basin is one of the seven basins in China. It is the hot spot water body of the water area ecology study. In the three-year period (September 2012, September 2013 and September 2014, respectively),5 reaches of the Liaohe river basin (Liaohe, Liaohe and Liaohe main streams and tributaries, The structure and physical and chemical characteristics of the green algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were investigated in the 300 sampling points of the Hunhe River and the Taizi River, and the characteristics of the algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were analyzed. The health status of the water ecosystem in the Liaohe basin was evaluated by using the index of biological integrity (P-IBI) and the index of eco-integrity (P-IEI), and the applicability of the two evaluation systems of P-IBI and P-IEI was compared. The main results showed that there were 95 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index average of 10 species, 1.86,104 ind/ cm2, 2.43 and 0.78, respectively, and 179 species, number of species, The average of the species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 18 species, 2.01,104 ind/ cm2, 2.89 and 0.78, respectively. The average values of 180 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index of the main and tributaries of Liaohe river and tributaries were 21, 0.21,104 ind/ cm2, 3.56 and 0.88, respectively. The average of 214 species, species number, species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 21, 2.70,104 ind/ cm2, 3.27 and 0.78, respectively. The average value of Shannon's index and evenness index is 16 species, 5.13,104 ind/ cm2, 3.03 and 0.79 respectively; each reach is the most species, followed by the green algae gate, and the third is the blue-green algae gate, and the structural spatial heterogeneity of the green algae community is obvious between each reach and the five reaches. The sampling point and the algae data are combined with each section to select the non-interference site or the interference minimal site as the reference site. The reference site of the East Liaohe River is E6, E15 and E17, and the Liaohe River is W23, W25 and W35. The main stream and the tributaries of the Liaohe River are L9, L56, L60 and L65, and the Hunhe River is H3, H11, H12, H36 and H54, Radix Pseudostellariae is T13, T37, T62 and T63. Twenty-seven algae indicators,5 physical indexes of water environment and 8 chemical indexes were selected, and each section was evaluated according to the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system. P-IBI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "in general" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health of the Prince River water ecosystem. P-IEI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "better" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health status of the Prince River water ecosystem. The results of the correlation between the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system show that there is a significant positive correlation between the main and the tributaries of the Liaohe, the west, the Liaohe and the tributaries and the Hunhe River, and the correlation between the pseudostellariae is not significant. Therefore, the P-II method is used to evaluate the health status of the water ecosystem. It is feasible to evaluate the integrity of the ecosystem more accurately.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X824;Q949.2
本文编号：2511813
文内图片：
图片说明：辽河流域地理位置
[Abstract]:The river ecosystem is one of the main natural ecosystems, which is the main channel of the circulation and energy flow of the biosphere, and is an important natural resource for human development. The evaluation of the health status of the river ecosystem is the basis for maintaining the integrity of the river ecosystem and establishing a scientific and reasonable river management plan. The Liaohe river basin is one of the seven basins in China. It is the hot spot water body of the water area ecology study. In the three-year period (September 2012, September 2013 and September 2014, respectively),5 reaches of the Liaohe river basin (Liaohe, Liaohe and Liaohe main streams and tributaries, The structure and physical and chemical characteristics of the green algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were investigated in the 300 sampling points of the Hunhe River and the Taizi River, and the characteristics of the algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were analyzed. The health status of the water ecosystem in the Liaohe basin was evaluated by using the index of biological integrity (P-IBI) and the index of eco-integrity (P-IEI), and the applicability of the two evaluation systems of P-IBI and P-IEI was compared. The main results showed that there were 95 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index average of 10 species, 1.86,104 ind/ cm2, 2.43 and 0.78, respectively, and 179 species, number of species, The average of the species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 18 species, 2.01,104 ind/ cm2, 2.89 and 0.78, respectively. The average values of 180 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index of the main and tributaries of Liaohe river and tributaries were 21, 0.21,104 ind/ cm2, 3.56 and 0.88, respectively. The average of 214 species, species number, species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 21, 2.70,104 ind/ cm2, 3.27 and 0.78, respectively. The average value of Shannon's index and evenness index is 16 species, 5.13,104 ind/ cm2, 3.03 and 0.79 respectively; each reach is the most species, followed by the green algae gate, and the third is the blue-green algae gate, and the structural spatial heterogeneity of the green algae community is obvious between each reach and the five reaches. The sampling point and the algae data are combined with each section to select the non-interference site or the interference minimal site as the reference site. The reference site of the East Liaohe River is E6, E15 and E17, and the Liaohe River is W23, W25 and W35. The main stream and the tributaries of the Liaohe River are L9, L56, L60 and L65, and the Hunhe River is H3, H11, H12, H36 and H54, Radix Pseudostellariae is T13, T37, T62 and T63. Twenty-seven algae indicators,5 physical indexes of water environment and 8 chemical indexes were selected, and each section was evaluated according to the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system. P-IBI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "in general" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health of the Prince River water ecosystem. P-IEI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "better" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health status of the Prince River water ecosystem. The results of the correlation between the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system show that there is a significant positive correlation between the main and the tributaries of the Liaohe, the west, the Liaohe and the tributaries and the Hunhe River, and the correlation between the pseudostellariae is not significant. Therefore, the P-II method is used to evaluate the health status of the water ecosystem. It is feasible to evaluate the integrity of the ecosystem more accurately.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X824;Q949.2
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