驾驶人危险感知建模与实验解析

发布时间：2018-01-12 22:12

本文关键词：驾驶人危险感知建模与实验解析　出处：《东南大学学报(自然科学版)》2014年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了量化驾驶人群体危险感知的差异性并指出差异性的原因所在,对驾驶人危险感知进行建模与实验测试分析.借鉴污染环境下生物种群生存这一自然现象,构建了驾驶人危险感知模型,通过实验测试了驾驶人在不同交通场景的危险识别时间与反应时间.模型分析与实验结果表明,驾驶人危险感知阈限值与交通情境危险输入的速率负相关,与驾驶人正确反应率和危险识别率正相关.不同危险程度的交通场景对驾驶人危险感知的总反应时间和识别时间具有显著影响(p0.001);驾驶经验对驾驶人危险识别时间没有显著影响(p=0.080),但是对危险的反应时间具有显著影响(p=0.003).熟练驾驶人相比非熟练驾驶人具有较高的危险感知水平,这种差异性主要体现在熟练驾驶人能够更快速准确地预测评估交通情境中的危险并进行合理判断.
[Abstract]:In order to quantify the difference of drivers' perception of risk and point out the reason of the difference, this paper models and tests the driver's perception of danger, and draws lessons from the natural phenomenon of the survival of biological population in polluted environment. A hazard perception model is constructed, and the time and reaction time of the driver in different traffic scenes are tested. The model analysis and experimental results show that the model is sensitive to the risk. The threshold of risk perception is negatively correlated with the rate of traffic situation hazard input. There was a positive correlation between the correct reaction rate and the risk recognition rate of the driver. The traffic scene with different degree of danger had a significant effect on the total reaction time and the recognition time of the driver's risk perception. Driving experience has no significant effect on the risk identification time of the driver. But it has a significant effect on the dangerous reaction time. The skilled driver has a higher risk perception level than the unskilled driver. This difference is mainly reflected in the ability of skilled drivers to predict and evaluate the risks in traffic situations more quickly and accurately and to make reasonable judgments.
【作者单位】：长安大学汽车学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108040,51108390) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2011JC105)
【分类号】：U491.254
【正文快照】： 深入探究交通事故的原因,人的因素占事故致因的比例高达90%.在人的因素中起主导作用的是人的感知因素,包含驾驶人对即将降临的危险感知错误和感知迟滞[1].危险感知被认为是对道路交通情境的读取能力,即识别、预测和评估危险情境的能力[2-4].视觉信息搜索影响驾驶人对危险的感

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