交通信息物理系统车载节点通信技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 02:56

本文选题：WAVE短消息协议　切入点：车载节点　出处：《重庆理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：交通信息物理系统（TCPS）作为信息物理系统（CPS）在交通领域的具体应用，是下一代智能交通系统（ITS）发展的关键技术，具备CPS信息世界与物理世界深度融合的特点，为ITS的发展提供了新的思路和方向，受到越来越多研究机构和学者的关注。车载节点作为TCPS系统中车辆获取各项交通环境参数的重要设备，良好的通信性能是及时、准确、可靠地获取交通信息的重要保障，同时也是保障交通系统安全、稳定、高效的重要手段。因此本文把TCPS中车载节点的通信技术作为研究对象，具有重要的研究价值和社会意义。 WAVE协议作为专门应用于交通领域的无线通信技术，与其他无线通信技术相比兼具了传输时延低、移动性支持好、通信距离远、数据传输速率高等优点，同时具备WBSS和WIBSS两种通信模式，非常适合于交通系统中车-车之间、车-路边设施之间的信息通信。本文在详细分析了WAVE协议的基础上，针对TCPS中车载节点与车载节点、车载节点与路边设施之间WSM通信的设计与实现过程进行了深入研究。首先提出了TCPS层次体系架构，该架构共划分为四个部分：物理层、融合层、信息层和应用层，简要说明了各层的结构和功能，并分析了TCPS的特点和关键技术。其次，介绍了WAVE协议的两个重要组成协议IEEE802.11p和IEEE1609.4/3，重点分析了IEEE802.11p中定义的两种通信模式WBSS和WIBSS、IEEE1609.4中定义的多信道访问控制机制以及IEEE1609.3中定义的WAVE短消息协议WSMP。然后重点研究了WIBSS通信模式下OBU与OBU之间WSM通信的实现过程以及WBSS模式下OBU与RSU通信的实现过程，，并通过编程实现OBU与RSU之间的仿真通信，并通过NCTUns-6.0平台仿真分析设备天线高度、车辆速度对数据丢包率的影响情况。最后，针对OBU与OBU之间信息传输的路由问题提出了VP-LD算法，该算法对下一跳的选择基于邻居节点的方位和通信链路持续时间为依据，通过NCTUns-6.0平台仿真，比较了该算法与GPSR算法的性能，仿真结果表明，本文提出的VP-LD算法比GPSR算法的性能优越，特别是当车辆移动速度较高时，优越性更加明显。
[Abstract]:As a specific application of information physics system (CPS) in the field of transportation, the transportation information physics system (TCPS) is the key technology of the development of the next generation of intelligent transportation system (its). It has the characteristics of the deep fusion of the CPS information world and the physical world. It provides new ideas and directions for the development of ITS, and attracts more and more attention of research institutions and scholars. As an important equipment for vehicles to obtain various traffic environment parameters in TCPS system, the good communication performance is timely and accurate. Reliable access to traffic information is also an important means to ensure the safety, stability and efficiency of traffic system. Therefore, this paper takes the communication technology of vehicular nodes in TCPS as the research object, which has important research value and social significance. Compared with other wireless communication technologies, WAVE protocol has the advantages of low transmission delay, good mobility support, long communication distance and high data transmission rate. At the same time, it has two communication modes of WBSS and WIBSS, which is very suitable for the information communication between vehicle and vehicle in traffic system and between vehicle and roadside facilities. Based on the detailed analysis of WAVE protocol, this paper aims at the on-board node and vehicular node in TCPS. The design and implementation of WSM communication between vehicle nodes and roadside facilities are studied. Firstly, the TCPS hierarchical architecture is proposed, which is divided into four parts: physical layer, fusion layer, information layer and application layer. The structure and function of each layer are briefly explained, and the characteristics and key technologies of TCPS are analyzed. This paper introduces two important protocols of WAVE, IEEE802.11p and IEEE 1609.4 / 3, and analyzes two communication modes defined in IEEE802.11p, WBSS and WBS IEEE 1609.4, as well as the WAVE short message protocol defined in IEEE1609.3. The realization process of WSM communication between OBU and OBU in WIBSS communication mode and OBU and RSU communication in WBSS mode are discussed. The simulation communication between OBU and RSU is realized by programming, and the influence of antenna height and vehicle speed on data packet loss rate is analyzed by NCTUns-6.0 platform. Finally, the VP-LD algorithm is proposed for the routing of information transmission between OBU and OBU. The algorithm is based on the location of neighbor node and the duration of communication link. The performance of the algorithm is compared with that of GPSR algorithm through the simulation of NCTUns-6.0 platform. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is based on the location of the neighbor node and the duration of the communication link. The performance of the proposed VP-LD algorithm is superior to that of the GPSR algorithm, especially when the moving speed of the vehicle is high.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;U463.6

【参考文献】