基于排队论的快速公交站点延误及缩减策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 12:17

本文选题：快速公交　切入点：快速公交停靠站　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：快速公交作为一种低成本、低能耗、大容量、高品质的新型交通方式,在世界范围内得到了广泛的应用。然而随着专用道内线路和车辆的增加,乘客运送能力的不断增大也导致了系统内车辆间的干扰越来越频繁,延误随之增加。快速公交车辆在停靠站点的延误是衡量系统服务水平的重要指标,对提升系统的运营速度和稳定性有重要的影响。如何减少快速公交车辆高峰时段的在站延误,对确保快速公交系统具备足够运力,增强快速公交出行的吸引力,实现城市的低碳出行具有重要意义。因此,本文从以下几个方面对快速公交站点延误进行了研究：首先,界定了本文研究的快速公交系统,分析了快速公交站点与常规公交站点的区别,阐述了快速公交站点延误的定义,并提出了快速公交站点延误的主要影响因素。然后,对快速公交站点延误的主要影响因素进行了详细的分析：站台设置形式、路权设置形式、快速公交车型等因素通过影响车站通行能力进而影响站点延误；站点饱和度随车辆的到达率波动进而影响站点延误。其次,建立了基于站点运行效率最优的目标函数,对快速公交站点通过能力和站点延误进行分析,得出不同饱和度下的通过能力和站点延误曲线,明确了站点通行能力与站点延误的关系。再次,引入排队论的基础理论,以广州市快速公交系统中的典型站点为参照,对站点延误模型的相关参数进行标定。在站点车辆到达率一定的情况下,分别对多泊位站点采用单队列停靠和固定泊位停靠两种方式进行比较分析,分析指标为站点排队时间、排队车辆数、总平均车辆数、以及车辆通过站点的总时间,并运用VISSIM进行仿真验证。最后,基于以上理论研究成果,结合快速公交系统在国内城市的实践情况,从提高站点单个泊位通行能力和降低站点车辆到达率两个角度出发,有针对性的提出站点延误的缩减策略。
[Abstract]:Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), as a new type of transportation mode with low cost, low energy consumption, large capacity and high quality, has been widely used in the world.However, with the increase of routes and vehicles in private lanes, the increasing of passenger transportation capacity also leads to more and more interference between vehicles in the system, and the delay increases.The delay of bus rapid transit (BRT) at the stop is an important index to measure the service level of the system, which has an important impact on the operation speed and stability of the system.How to reduce the in-station delay in the rush hour of bus rapid transit (BRT) is of great significance to ensure that the BRT system has enough capacity to enhance the attraction of bus BRT travel and to realize the low carbon travel in the city.Therefore, this paper studies bus rapid transit station delay from the following aspects:Firstly, the paper defines the bus rapid transit system, analyzes the difference between bus rapid transit station and conventional bus station, expounds the definition of bus rapid transit station delay, and puts forward the main influencing factors of bus rapid transit station delay.Then, the main influencing factors of bus rapid transit station delay are analyzed in detail: platform setting form, right setting form, fast bus type and other factors affect station traffic capacity and then affect station delay;Station saturation fluctuates with the arrival rate of the vehicle and then affects the station delay.Secondly, based on the objective function of the optimal operation efficiency of the station, the transit capacity and delay of the bus rapid transit station are analyzed, and the transit capacity and the delay curve of the station under different saturation are obtained.The relationship between station capacity and station delay is clarified.Thirdly, the basic theory of queue theory is introduced to calibrate the parameters of the station delay model with reference to the typical stations in Guangzhou bus Rapid Transit system (BRT).Under the condition that the arrival rate of vehicles at the station is constant, the single queue and fixed berth methods are used to compare and analyze the multi-berth stations respectively. The analysis indexes are the queue time, the number of vehicles queued, the total average number of vehicles.And the total time of the vehicle passing through the station, and use VISSIM for simulation verification.Finally, based on the above theoretical research results, combined with the practice of bus rapid transit system in domestic cities, from the point of view of improving the capacity of single berth and reducing the arrival rate of bus stop,Propose targeted site delay reduction strategy.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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