信号交叉口控制系统的优化与仿真

发布时间：2018-06-03 18:14

本文选题：交通工程 + 动态配时　；参考：《南昌航空大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的不断进步和汽车工业的不断发展，私家车的拥有量迅速上升，导致城市交通拥堵问题凸显。交通拥堵直接导致汽车尾气排放增加、空气质量下降，以及出行者的行程时间增长等等，带来了居民生活质量的下降。怎样有效的缓解城市交通拥挤、提高城市道路网的通行效用成为迫切需要解决的问题。智能交通系统（ITS）为解决城市道路拥挤，改善交通状况，提高路网的通行效用提供了新的方法，而先进交通管理系统（ATMS）是ITS的核心部分之一，城市信号交叉口控制系统是ATMS的关键部分。本论文以城市路网中信号交叉口控制系统为研究对象，重点研究信号控制系统的信号配时方法。具体内容如下：第一章绪论部分，介绍对信号交叉口控制系统进行探讨的研究背景及研究目的和意义，分析国内外专家学者对信号交叉口控制系统配时方法的研究现状，指出存在的问题，并给出了研究的主要内容。第二章介绍信号交叉口控制系统理论。主要阐述信号交叉口控制系统的配时参数、四个评价指标和信号配时的三种基本方法。第三章为了提高整个路网的通行效用，根据周期时长、相位绿信比与机动车延误特征，建立周期波动的动态信号配时的非线性规划模型。信号控制系统根据路网中各路段机动车的流量特征，进行动态调整信号周期时长和各相位绿信比的最优配置，从而合理分配各进口车道的通行权。结果表明：运用动态信号配时法和固定信号配时法交通分配的结果基本一致，运用动态信号配时法与固定信号配时法相比，动态信号配时法使机动车在十字交叉口上效用提高10%左右，在T型交叉口上效用提高30%左右，较好地适应各种交通状态的变化。在非机动车交通量较小的交叉口，动态信号配时有利于非机动车通行效用的提高；而在交通量较大的交叉口上，动态信号配时对非机动车的通行效用有较小量的波动。第四章为了提高相邻交叉口信号控制系统协调控制的通行效用，根据周期时长、相位绿信比、相位差与协调相位延误、消散量特征和各入口方向车辆的流量特征，建立相邻信号交叉口控制系统配时参数的双目标动态优化模型。通过分层序列方法，对双目标动态优化模型进行求解。例证表明：动态信号控制使协调相位直行车道的效用显著提高，在相邻交叉口间的路段长度分别为200m、350m、550m，动态信号双向协调相位控制直行车道的效用比固定信号的控制效用分别提高了14.47%、11.01%、7.91%，在相邻交叉口间的路段长度较短时，对相邻交叉口进行协调相位控制非常有必要，同时动态信号控制比固定信号控制的通行能力提高了约2.85%。第五章总结论文中所做的主要工作，以及论文创新点，，指出论文中存在一些不足之处，并给出今后进一步努力的方向。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the development of automobile industry, the number of private cars is increasing rapidly, which leads to the problem of urban traffic congestion. Traffic jams directly lead to the increase of vehicle exhaust emissions, the decline of air quality, and the increase of travel time of travelers, which bring about the decline of residents' quality of life. How to effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and improve the utility of urban road network becomes an urgent problem to be solved. Intelligent Transportation system (its) provides a new method for solving urban road congestion, improving traffic conditions and improving the traffic utility of road network. The advanced traffic management system (ATMS) is one of the core parts of ITS. Urban signalized intersection control system is a key part of ATMS. In this paper, the control system of signal intersection in urban road network is taken as the research object, and the signal timing method of the signal control system is studied emphatically. The details are as follows: The first chapter introduces the background, purpose and significance of the research on the signalized intersection control system, analyzes the current situation of the research on the timing method of the signal intersection control system, and points out the existing problems. The main contents of the research are also given. The second chapter introduces the theory of signal intersection control system. This paper mainly describes the timing parameters, four evaluation indexes and three basic methods of signal timing in signalized intersection control system. In chapter 3, in order to improve the traffic utility of the whole road network, the nonlinear programming model of dynamic signal timing of periodic fluctuation is established according to the characteristics of cycle length, phase green signal ratio and vehicle delay. The signal control system dynamically adjusts the optimal allocation of the duration of the signal cycle and the green signal ratio of each phase according to the characteristics of the vehicle flow in each section of the road network so as to reasonably allocate the traffic rights of each entrance lane. The results show that the results of traffic assignment using dynamic signal timing method and fixed signal timing method are basically the same, and the use of dynamic signal timing method is compared with that of fixed signal timing method. The dynamic signal timing method can improve the utility of motor vehicles at crossroads by about 10% and at T-type intersections by about 30%. At the intersection with small non-motor vehicle traffic volume, the dynamic signal timing is conducive to the improvement of the non-motor vehicle traffic utility, while at the intersection with larger traffic volume, the dynamic signal timing has a small fluctuation to the non-motor vehicle traffic utility. In chapter 4, in order to improve the effectiveness of coordinated control of the signal control system at adjacent intersections, according to the cycle length, phase green signal ratio, phase difference and coordinated phase delay, dissipation characteristics and flow characteristics of vehicles in each entrance direction, A two-objective dynamic optimization model for timing parameters of adjacent signal intersection control system is established. The two-objective dynamic optimization model is solved by hierarchical sequence method. Examples show that dynamic signal control can significantly improve the effectiveness of the coordinated phase straight lane. The length of the road between adjacent intersections is 200 m / 350m / 550m.The utility of the dynamic signal two-way coordinated phase control carriageway is 14.4747 / 11.01 / 7.91, respectively, compared with that of the fixed signal, and the length of the road section between the adjacent intersections is shorter than that of the fixed signals. It is necessary to coordinate the phase control of adjacent intersections, and the traffic capacity of dynamic signal control is increased by about 2.85 compared with that of fixed signal control. The fifth chapter summarizes the main work done in the paper, as well as the innovation points of the paper, points out that there are some shortcomings in the paper, and gives the direction of further efforts in the future.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.23;U491.54

【参考文献】