沥青路面材料全生命周期评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 00:48

本文选题：沥青路面材料 + 生命周期评价　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前，全球不可再生资源日益紧缺，而沥青路面在建设过程中需要消耗大量不可再生资源特别是能源，并排放各种废气和烟尘，对环境造成严重影响。目前对沥青路面建设过程中的能源消耗、资源利用和环境排放等一般采用定性分析，缺少具体的量化分析。因此，有必要对沥青路面建设过程的能源消耗、资源利用和环境排放进行量化分析，并在此基础上建立科学合理的沥青路面节能减排量化分析评价指标体系。论文利用生命周期评价方法（LCA）对沥青混凝土生命周期过程中的能源消耗、资源利用及污染物排放等进行评价，分别以废旧沥青混合料的四种再生技术为基础，系统分析研究采用不同再生方式再生的沥青混合料所铺筑沥青路面的环境负荷、环境影响类型和使用性能上的差异，获得再生沥青混凝土的综合价值指标P/IC（C：Cost成本，P：Performance性能，I：Impact环境影响）。通过沥青路面材料从原材料采集、使用、废弃和再生处理的整个生命周期的层次分析，提出并建立再生沥青混凝土生命周期评价的评价指标和评价体系。主要研究内容和结论如下：（1）采用LCA方法对沥青路面生产工艺进行研究分析，结果表明：对不可再生资源的影响为沥青路面建设过程中的主要环境压力，其中不可再生资源消耗、温室效应和酸化效应主要发生在原材料生产阶段，光化学烟雾和人体健康类型主要发生在材料运输阶段。（2）对厂拌热再生、厂拌冷再生、就地热再生和就地冷再生四种不同的再生技术进行LCA评价，结果表明：厂拌热再生技术对环境造成的负荷最大，其后依次是厂拌冷再生技术、就地冷再生技术和就地热再生技术。（3）旧料掺配率对再生沥青混合料综合性能和综合价值指标的影响截然不同：若仅考虑沥青路面的路用性能，旧料掺配率越低，再生沥青混合料的综合性能越好；若结合考虑生产成本和对环境的影响，，则随着旧料掺量的增加，再生沥青混合料的综合价值指标值升高。另外，再生剂的使用，对提高再生沥青混凝土的综合指标值有显著作用。（4）根据沥青路面节能减排评价指标体系原则，选取了能源消耗、资源利用、环境排放以及路面技术4个一级指标及各一级指标中的二级指标，采用层次分析法初步建立了沥青路面节能减排评价指标体系。
[Abstract]:At present, the global non-renewable resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the asphalt pavement needs to consume a large number of non-renewable resources, especially energy, and emit all kinds of exhaust gas and smoke, which has a serious impact on the environment. At present, the energy consumption, resource utilization and environmental emission in the process of asphalt pavement construction are generally analyzed qualitatively, but lack of specific quantitative analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the energy consumption, resource utilization and environmental emissions of asphalt pavement construction process, and establish a scientific and reasonable quantitative analysis and evaluation index system of asphalt pavement energy saving and emission reduction. In this paper, the life cycle evaluation method (LCA) is used to evaluate the energy consumption, resource utilization and pollutant emission during the life cycle of asphalt concrete, respectively, based on the four recycled technologies of waste asphalt mixture. The difference of environmental load, environmental impact type and performance of asphalt pavement paved by different recycled asphalt mixture is analyzed and studied systematically. To obtain the comprehensive value index of recycled asphalt concrete, the cost of P / IC / C: cost and the performance of I / I impact environment are obtained. Through the hierarchical analysis of the whole life cycle of asphalt pavement materials collected, used, discarded and recycled, the evaluation index and evaluation system of the life cycle evaluation of recycled asphalt concrete are put forward and established. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) LCA method is used to study and analyze the production process of asphalt pavement. The results show that the influence on non-renewable resources is the main environmental pressure in the process of asphalt pavement construction. Among them, the consumption of non-renewable resources, Greenhouse Effect and acidizing effect mainly occurred in raw material production stage, photochemical smog and human health type mainly occurred in material transportation stage. The LCA evaluation of four different regeneration technologies, geothermal regeneration and in-situ cold regeneration, was carried out. The results showed that the plant mix heat regeneration technology caused the greatest environmental load, followed by the factory mix cold regeneration technology. The influence of mixing ratio of used materials on the comprehensive performance and comprehensive value index of recycled asphalt mixture is very different from that of in-situ cold recycling technology and geothermal regeneration technology: if only the pavement performance of asphalt pavement is considered, the lower the blending ratio of used materials is, The better the comprehensive performance of recycled asphalt mixture is, if the production cost and environmental impact are taken into account, the value of comprehensive value of recycled asphalt mixture increases with the increase of the amount of used materials. In addition, the use of recycled agent plays a significant role in improving the comprehensive index value of recycled asphalt concrete. According to the principle of evaluation index system of asphalt pavement energy saving and emission reduction, energy consumption and resource utilization are selected. The evaluation index system of energy saving and emission reduction of asphalt pavement is established by using AHP, which includes four first class indexes of environmental emission and pavement technology and the second class index of each first class index.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U414;U416.217

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