基于交叉口公交信号优先控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 18:17

本文选题：公交信号优先 + 控制方法　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国社会生产力得到空前的解放和发展，社会经济发展迅速，城市空间结构的扩张，城市规模的扩大，人民生活水品的不断提高，居民对于出行的需求与日俱增。但总体来看，我国的基础交通设施不够完善，功能不够齐全，相对于城市的总体发展水平来说相对落后。由此引发交通领域的供需矛盾，从而产生一系列的交通问题。公共交通以其速度快、容量大，，耗能低等特点近年来成为应对小汽车快速发展的重要措施之一。通过提升公共交通的竞争力，使更多乘客自发性的选择乘坐公共交通出行，从而减少道路交通量，缓解道路交通的压力。随着我国城镇化的不断推进，城市交通面临严峻的挑战。对于我国人口密度大，可使用道路少的，城市交通量大等特点，大力发展公共交通恰好可以解决我国的交通问题，同时也可以贯彻落实十二五规划纲要中大力发展公共交通事业的规定。本文在上述背景环境下，建立符合我国道路环境的公交信号优先控制系统。研究基于交叉口的公交信号优先控制方法，重点研究多方向公交信号优先控制方法。旨在从技术角度拓宽公交优先的实施范围，从而更广泛解决实际交通问题。首先分析现有的时代背景，明确实施公交信号优先的的目的和意义，突出公交信号优先缓解交通压力的地位，分析公交信号优先的国内外现状，通过问题分析给出本文的研究方向和内容。其次介绍公交信号优先的三种控制策略，给出每种控制方式的实现方法。对比三种控制方式，详细分析每种控制方式的特点，为本文的理论研究提供铺垫。再次通过界定单方向的控制条件和控制原则，明确公交信号优先系统在城市交通系统的定位。选择绿灯延长和绿灯提前启亮两种方式，采用面积三角形法建立相应的目标函数，并通过饱和度作为重要指标来约束目标函数，通过算例演示验证模型的可靠性。再次回顾现有的多方向信号优先控制方法，在一一剖析每种方法的控制特点和实用性的基础上，提出基于绿灯急切度的控制方法。给出基本假设条件后，推导出相应的控制参数，并明确方向切换依据。采用仿真验证检验模型的实际运行效果。最后回顾全文的研究内容，从理论和实际角度给出文章的不足之处，并指出文章需要做的后续研究工作。本文的交叉口公交信号优先控制策略及优化模型是对公交信号优先理论和方法的有益探索，为地面公交车辆实现时间优先提供一定的技术支持，进一步响应国家优先发展公交的政策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's social productive forces have been unprecedented liberation and development, social and economic development has been rapid, the urban spatial structure expansion, the expansion of urban scale, the people's living water products continue to improve. Residents are in increasing demand for travel. But overall, our country's basic transportation facilities are not perfect, the function is not complete, relative to the city's overall development level is relatively backward. This leads to the contradiction between supply and demand in the field of transportation, which leads to a series of traffic problems. Public transportation has become one of the important measures to deal with the rapid development of cars in recent years because of its fast speed, large capacity and low energy consumption. By improving the competitiveness of public transport, more passengers choose to travel on public transport spontaneously, thus reducing the volume of road traffic and relieving the pressure of road traffic. With the development of urbanization in China, urban traffic is facing severe challenges. For the characteristics of large population density, less road use and large urban traffic volume in our country, vigorously developing public transport can solve the traffic problems in our country. At the same time, it can also implement the 12-year-plan outline to vigorously develop public transport. In this paper, the bus signal priority control system which accords with the road environment in China is established under the above background environment. The bus signal priority control method based on intersection is studied, and the multi-directional bus signal priority control method is studied. The aim is to widen the scope of bus priority from the technical point of view, so as to solve the practical traffic problems more widely. First of all, it analyzes the background of the existing times, defines the purpose and significance of implementing bus signal priority, highlights the status of bus signal priority in alleviating traffic pressure, and analyzes the status quo of bus signal priority at home and abroad. The research direction and content of this paper are given through problem analysis. Secondly, three control strategies of bus signal priority are introduced, and the realization methods of each control mode are given. By comparing the three control methods, the characteristics of each control mode are analyzed in detail, which provides a basis for the theoretical study of this paper. Thirdly, by defining the control conditions and control principles of single direction, the location of bus signal priority system in urban traffic system is clarified. Two methods of green light extension and green light opening in advance are selected. The area triangle method is used to establish the corresponding objective function. The saturation is used as an important index to constrain the objective function. The reliability of the model is verified by a numerical example. The existing multi-directional signal priority control methods are reviewed again. On the basis of analyzing the control characteristics and practicability of each method, a control method based on green light urgency is proposed. After the basic assumptions are given, the corresponding control parameters are derived, and the basis of direction switching is defined. The actual operation effect of the model is verified by simulation. In the end, the paper reviews the research contents of the paper, and points out the deficiencies of the paper from the theoretical and practical aspects, and points out the following research work that needs to be done in the article. The bus signal priority control strategy and optimization model in this paper is a useful exploration of bus signal priority theory and method, and provides some technical support for the realization of time priority for ground bus vehicles. Further respond to the national policy of giving priority to the development of public transport.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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