不同截面形式桥墩在遭受船舶刮擦碰撞时的安全评价

发布时间：2018-06-23 01:32

本文选题：船桥碰撞 + 刮擦　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统船桥碰撞问题的仿真分析思路是：建立精细的船桥碰撞有限元模型,重现船桥接触、碰撞力、损伤变形、能量吸收的时程分析等,以期对船桥碰撞过程的真实模拟。同时传统船桥碰撞问题的研究对象一般是设有防撞设施的通航桥跨。然而对于大跨径桥梁的众多非通航桥孔来说,桥墩设计船撞力较小,且通常不设置防撞设施,在较小船舶贪图方便或者船舶失控等情况下,非通航桥孔的桥墩有被船撞的可能。同时,在上述情况下,发生正面船撞桥墩的可能性很小,而发生船舶擦挂的可能性更大,因此,非通航桥孔桥墩受到船舶擦挂带来的威胁是不容忽视的,对于非通航桥墩受船舶擦挂的研究是很有必要的。本文研究的主要目的在于：研究非通航桥孔不同截面形式桥墩受船舶刮擦碰撞的相对安全性,并进行安全评估。本文主要研究工作包括： ①以广泛深入的文献调研为基础,总结了国内外学者对于研究船桥碰撞问题的研究方法和所得结论,引出本文研究不同桥墩截面形式受船舶刮擦碰撞的必要性,并选定了圆形截面和矩形截面两种不同截面形式的桥墩作为本文研究对象。 ②通过有限元模拟桥墩与船舶发生刮擦碰撞,研究船舶中轴线与刮碰点之间的距离,刮碰点法向方向与船舶中轴方向的夹角等因素对桥墩受船舶刮擦碰撞的影响,并给出相对安全性评价。 ③通过模拟不同吨位(50吨,150吨)船舶刮擦碰撞圆形截面形式桥墩与矩形截面形式桥墩,以盖梁位移,墩身碰撞点位移,系统动能等为参数,讨论两种截面形式桥墩的优劣,并给出相对安全性评价。 ④通过给定不同的摩擦系数,研究摩擦系数的不同对船舶刮擦圆形截面形式桥墩后对桥墩的相对安全性,并给予评价。 ⑤通过研究船舶运动方向与横桥向的夹角对船舶刮擦桥墩,对不同截面形式桥墩的相对安全性给予评价。
[Abstract]:The simulation analysis of traditional bridge collision problem is to establish a finite-element model of bridge collision, reappear bridge contact, collision force, damage deformation, energy absorption time history analysis and so on, in order to simulate the collision process of the bridge, and the research object of the traditional bridge collision is generally the bridge span with the collision avoidance facilities. However, for many non Navigable Bridge holes in long-span bridges, the pier design has smaller collision force, and usually does not set the collision avoidance facilities. Under the circumstances of the convenience of the smaller ships or the ship's runaway, the pier of the non Navigable Bridge is likely to be hit by the ship. At the same time, the possibility of a front collision between the pier and the pier is very small. The possibility of ship erasing is more likely. Therefore, the threat posed by the ship erasing by the bridge pier of the non Navigable Bridge hole can not be ignored. The research on the ship erasing of the non navigable pier is very necessary. The main purpose of this study is to study the relative safety of the ship scraping and collision of the different cross section shaped piers of the non Navigable Bridge holes. The main research work in this paper includes:
On the basis of extensive and in-depth literature research, this paper summarizes the research methods and conclusions of scholars at home and abroad on the study of the problem of ship bridge collision, leads to the necessity of studying the collision of different bridge piers in the form of ship scraping, and selects two kinds of bridge piers with circular and rectangular cross sections as this paper. Elephant.
2. Through the finite element simulation of the collision between the pier and the ship, the influence of the distance between the axis of the ship and the point of the scraping, the angle between the normal direction of the scraping point and the direction of the ship's axis is studied, and the relative safety evaluation is given.
(3) by simulating the circular cross section of a ship's scraping collision with different tonnage (50 tons, 150 tons), the pier and the rectangular section form the pier, with the displacement of the cover beam, the displacement of the collision point of the pier body and the kinetic energy of the system as the parameters, the advantages and disadvantages of the piers of the two cross sections are discussed and the relative safety evaluation is given.
(4) by giving different friction coefficients, the relative safety of the pier after scraping the circular cross section pier is studied and evaluated.
5. The relative safety of bridge pier is evaluated by studying the angle between ship movement direction and transverse bridge.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U447;U443.22

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