公交客流加权复杂网络结构及动力学行为研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 08:30

本文选题：城市公交 + 加权复杂网络　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：摘要：城市公共交通系统是一个由静态拓扑网络子系统和动态流量子系统相互作用、相互影响而形成的复杂、动态巨系统,也是一个在长期的发展过程中,受城市社会经济活动、空间结构、地理特征甚至文化习俗等多重因素影响的演化产物。对于城市公交系统的复杂性,近年来兴起的复杂网络理论为研究公交系统内部和外部的耦合作用和组织机理提供了一个新视角、新方法。随着复杂网络理论在国内外学术界掀起的研究热潮不断高涨,人们对复杂网络的研究更多地关注在网络构成要素和信息的不断变化以及网络的演化过程和动力学行为上。城市公交网络是一个具有技术网络和社会网络特征混合而成的复合型复杂网络,具有时空动态复杂性,研究城市公交网络结构的复杂性,不仅要研究公交网络本身的静态拓扑特性,更重要的是要研究加载了动态客流量信息的加权网络所体现出来的特性。而目前,对基于客流动态行为的公交加权网络研究几乎没有,为更好地把握公交系统的组织结构和整体特性,需要用公交网络的影响要素动态变化的观点来重新认识网络,建立模型来模拟公交网络的演化过程以再现网络结构属性,并分析公交网络这一复杂系统的动力学行为。这些问题的研究对于从复杂网络理论角度优化和调整城市公交线网具有重要的理论及现实指导意义。本文以加载了客流动态行为的城市公共交通系统作为研究对象,基于复杂网络理论和公交系统规划理论,对城市公交加权复杂网络的结构特征及动力学行为进行了研究。首先提出了加权复杂网络特征度量指标和模型构建方法,利用统计分析与比较分析相结合的方法,对城市公交无权和有权复杂网络结构的统计特性进行了实证研究；其次在总结公交加权网络系统特性的基础上,探索形成这些网络结构的演化机理,针对不同的公交网络抽象形式构建了加权网络演化模型,研究了有、无承载力约束下的公交网络演化特性；最后提出公交网络稳定性概念和分析指标,考虑网络上的流量分布特性,研究了不同外部影响条件下公交加权网络的动力学行为,为提高公交网络稳定性提供理论依据。具体来讲,本文的研究工作主要有如下几个方面： 1.提出了基于客流的城市公交加权复杂网络模型构造方法。考虑公交网络上的客流特征,将现实城市公交系统抽象构建为三类加权复杂网络模型,突破了传统公交复杂网络理论研究以静态物理统计特性为出发点的局限。系统梳理了复杂网络加权特征度量指标,并结合网络流量特征提出了一些加权度量指标,丰富了加权复杂网络的统计指标。 2.对基于客流量的城市公交无权和加权复杂网络进行了统计分析实证研究。在对北京公交客流数据收集与处理的基础上,采用统计物理学、计算机模拟等方法分别针对北京地面公交系统、轨道交通系统以及融合地面公交和轨道交通的双方式公交系统进行了三类复杂加权网络、7个子系统维度的统计分析,通过无权静态拓扑结构与加权动态网络结构的复杂网络特征比对分析,多角度、多维度地挖掘了公交系统的结构组织特征和功能,探讨了公交系统演化的机理。 3.研究了有、无承载力约束的城市公交加权复杂网络演化模型,以真实合理地再现公交网络的演化过程。在综合考虑公交系统演化过程中的乘客利益、公交公司利益、地理空间位置等影响因素基础上,通过理论解析与数值模拟的方法,分别研究构造了基于客流分布及扰动影响动态变化的公交线路、公交站点以及公交换乘加权网络演化模型,探讨了演化过程中的流量动态行为。通过解析公交网络存在客流承载能力限制的机理,本文进一步研究了在网络点强度、边权承载能力有限的条件下,公交加权网络演化模型的网络结构和流量分布特性,探讨了公交网络的承载力约束阈值,挖掘出了实际公交加权网络结构统计特性的产生机制。 4.研究了城市公交加权复杂网络的动力学行为,对加载了流量信息的公交网络稳定性进行了分析。本文提出了公交加权网络的稳定性概念和分析指标,分别采用交通动力学和级联失效两种方法来研究公交加权网络的动态稳定性,即考虑网络上流量具有自主性和选择性行为,采用公交OD配流理论来研究公交换乘网络上的动力学行为；构建面向加权网络的耦合映像格子(CML)稳定性分析模型,通过考虑流量的局域再分配动态行为,研究具有混沌动力系统特征的网络无权和加权要素的相互耦合作用而导致的公交站点加权网络级联失效行为。
[Abstract]:Abstract: the urban public transport system is a complex, dynamic giant system which is formed by the interaction and interaction of the static topology network subsystem and the dynamic flow subsystem. It is also an evolution in the long-term development process, influenced by the multiple factors such as urban social and economic activities, spatial structure, geographical features and even cultural customs. As for the complexity of the urban public transport system, the complex network theory, which has emerged in recent years, provides a new perspective for the study of the internal and external coupling and organization mechanism of the bus system. With the development of the complex network theory in the academic circles at home and abroad, the research upsurge is not broken, and people have more research on complex networks. The urban public transport network is a complex complex network with the characteristics of the technical network and the social network. It has the dynamic complexity of the time and space, and studies the complexity of the urban bus network structure, not only to study the bus network, but also to study the bus network. It is more important to study the characteristics of the weighted network loaded with dynamic passenger traffic information. At present, there is little research on the bus weighted network based on the dynamic behavior of passenger flow. In order to better grasp the organization structure and the overall characteristics of the bus system, it is necessary to use the influence factors of the bus network. In the view of dynamic change, the network is re recognized, the model is built to simulate the evolution process of the bus network to reproduce the network structure properties, and the dynamic behavior of the complex system is analyzed. The research of these problems has important theory and reality for optimizing and adjusting the city bus network from the angle of complex network theory. Guide meaning.
In this paper, the urban public transport system loading the dynamic behavior of passenger flow is taken as the research object. Based on the complex network theory and the bus system planning theory, the structural characteristics and dynamic behavior of the urban bus weighted complex network are studied. First, the characteristic measurement index and model construction method of the weighted complex network are put forward, and the system is used to make use of the system. In this paper, the statistical characteristics of urban public transport with unauthorized and weighted complex network structure are empirically studied. Secondly, on the basis of summarizing the characteristics of the bus weighted network system, the evolution mechanism of these network structures is explored, and the weighted network performance is constructed for different abstract forms of public transport networks. The evolution characteristics of bus network under the constraint of no bearing capacity are studied. Finally, the concept and the analysis index of the stability of the bus network are put forward. The dynamic behavior of the bus weighted network under the different external influence conditions is studied, and the theoretical basis for the stability of the bus network is provided.
Specifically, the research work in this paper is as follows:
1. the construction method of urban bus weighted complex network model based on passenger flow is proposed. Considering the passenger flow characteristics on the bus network, the realistic urban public transport system is abstractly constructed as the three kind of weighted complex network model, which breaks through the limitation of the traditional bus complex network theory with static physical statistical characteristics as the starting point. Combined with the characteristics of network traffic, some weighted metrics are proposed, which enrich the statistical index of weighted complex networks.
2. a statistical analysis is made on the unauthorized and weighted complex network based on passenger traffic. Based on the data collection and processing of Beijing bus passenger flow, the methods of statistical physics and computer simulation are used to deal with the Beijing bus system, the rail transit system and the integration of the ground public transport and the rail transit. The dual mode bus system carries out three classes of complex weighted networks, 7 sub-systems dimension statistical analysis, through the unweighted static topology and weighted dynamic network structure complex network characteristics comparison analysis, multi angle, multi dimension excavation of the structure of the bus system structure and function, and discuss the mechanism of the evolution of the bus system.
3. study the evolution model of urban public transport weighted complex network with no bearing capacity constraints, in order to reproduce the evolution process of the bus network in a real and reasonable way. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the passengers' benefit, the benefit of the bus company, the geographical location and so on, the method of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the public transport system evolution process is divided into the methods of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Do not study the bus line, bus station and bus transfer weighted network evolution model based on the dynamic change of passenger flow distribution and disturbance influence, and discuss the flow dynamic behavior in the process of evolution. By analyzing the mechanism of passenger flow carrying capacity limitation in the bus network, this paper further studies the network point strength and side weight carrying capacity. Under the conditions of limited capacity, the network structure and traffic distribution characteristics of the bus weighted network evolution model are discussed, and the constraint threshold of the carrying capacity of the bus network is discussed, and the generating mechanism of the statistical characteristics of the actual bus weighted network structure is excavated.
4. the dynamic behavior of the urban bus weighted complex network is studied. The stability of the bus network loaded with traffic information is analyzed. The stability concept and the analysis index of the bus weighted network are proposed in this paper. The dynamic stability of the bus weighted network is studied with two methods of traffic dynamics and cascading failure, namely, the examination of the bus weighted network. Considering the autonomous and selective behavior of traffic on the network, the dynamic behavior on the bus transfer network is studied by the bus OD distribution theory, and the stability analysis model of the coupled map lattice (CML) for weighted network is constructed. By considering the local redistribution dynamic line of the flow, the network with the characteristics of the chaotic dynamical system is studied. The weighted network cascading failure of bus stops caused by the coupling of weights and weighted elements.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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