SBS改性沥青再生剂的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 15:40

【摘要】：丁二烯和苯乙烯三元嵌段共聚物（SBS）改性沥青混合料已大量用于高等级公路的建设。然而，SBS改性沥青在环境因素的作用下发生老化，，易出现各种病害损坏路面，需要经常进行维护或维修。对受损严重路面的养护、修补或大修过程中，将产生大量的废旧SBS改性沥青混合料。为节约自然资源，保护环境，对废旧SBS改性沥青混合料进行再生利用，是沥青道路可持续发展的一项重要工作。根据以往经验，对废旧沥青混合料最有效的再生方法是使用再生剂，但现有再生剂主要是针对普通混合料而研制的，所以它对普通沥青混合料的再生效果良好，而不适合对SBS改性沥青混合料再生。与普通沥青的老化不同，SBS改性沥青的老化不仅包含普通沥青的老化，还包括SBS的老化；若要对SBS改性沥青混合料进行再生，则需同时对沥青和SBS进行再生，才能较全面地恢复SBS改性沥青的性能。为制备性能优良的SBS改性沥青再生剂，本文采用催化裂化油浆、基质沥青和环氧化合物等制备了反应型再生剂，并研究了环氧化合物对反应型再生剂的物理性能、老化性能和再生性能的影响，以及反应型再生剂掺量对老化SBS改性沥青物理性能和流变性能的影响。利用动态剪切流变仪（DSR）研究了再生SBS改性沥青的流变性能，用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和荧光显微镜分析了再生前后SBS改性沥青的化学结构和SBS在沥青中分布状态的变化情况。主要研究内容和结论如下：（1）利用基质沥青、催化裂化油浆和不同环氧官能度的化合物制备了单环氧基、双环氧基和多环氧基反应型再生剂，再生剂的物理性能、老化性能均满足国内外相关再生剂规范的要求，并对老化SBS改性沥青具有良好的再生效果。（2）三种反应型再生剂对老化SBS改性沥青的粘度、针入度和延度等物理性能均有很好的恢复能力。不同的是延度恢复水平有一定的差异：当环氧官能团化合物掺量为5%时，单环氧官能团反应型再生剂（SR）和双环氧官能团反应型再生剂（SDR）能分别将老化SBS改性沥青的延度由1.2cm恢复到15cm和20cm，但多环氧官能团反应型再生剂（SDTR）却能将老化SBS改性沥青的延度由1.2cm恢复到26cm。（3）反应型再生剂对纯老化SBS改性沥青和新旧复合SBS改性沥青都具有很好的再生效果，如9%的SDTR掺量可恢复新旧复配SBS改性沥青的物理性能，11%的SDTR掺量也可基本恢复纯老化SBS改性沥青的物理性能。另外，随着反应型再生剂掺量的增加，再生SBS改性沥青的粘度降低、针入度增大。（4）DSR检测发现，反应型再生剂能够降低老化SBS改性沥青的复数模量，增大相位角，表明反应型再生剂能够较好地恢复老化SBS改性沥青的粘弹特性。（5）FTIR分析表明：老化后SBS改性沥青中C=C双键含量减小，C=O基含量增加；加入反应型再生剂后，情况正好相反，即C=O基含量减少，C=C基相对含量增加。这是因为反应型再生剂中的环氧基团可与SBS的降解产物SB形成羧基反应，使SB通过再生剂偶联重新形成SBS，从而重建SBS的分子结构，恢复老化SBS改性沥青的性能。荧光显微镜观察也表明再生改性沥青中的SBS的微观结构得到了恢复。
[Abstract]:Butadiene and styrene block copolymer (SBS) modified asphalt mixture has been widely used in the construction of high-grade highway. However, SBS modified asphalt aging under the action of environmental factors, prone to a variety of diseases and damage of the road surface, need to be frequently maintained or repaired. In order to save natural resources and protect the environment, it is an important work for the sustainable development of asphalt pavement to recycle the waste SBS modified asphalt mixture. The SBS modified asphalt mixture is not suitable for SBS modified asphalt mixture. Unlike ordinary asphalt aging, SBS modified asphalt aging includes not only ordinary asphalt aging, but also SBS aging; if SBS modified asphalt mixture is to be regenerated, it is not suitable for SBS modified asphalt mixture. The performance of SBS modified asphalt can be restored completely only when asphalt and SBS are regenerated at the same time. In order to prepare SBS modified asphalt regenerant with good performance, the reactive regenerant was prepared by catalytic cracking slurry, matrix asphalt and epoxy compound, and the physical properties and aging of the reactive regenerant with epoxy compound were studied. The rheological properties of recycled SBS modified asphalt were studied by dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and the modification of SBS modified asphalt before and after recycling was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fluorescence microscope. The structure and the distribution of SBS in asphalt are studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) Single epoxy, double epoxy and multi-epoxy reactive regenerants were prepared from base asphalt, catalytic cracking slurry and compounds with different epoxy functions. The physical properties and aging properties of the regenerants met the requirements of relevant regenerants at home and abroad, and the regenerated SBS modified asphalt had good regeneration effect.
(2) The physical properties of SBS modified asphalt, such as viscosity, penetration and ductility, can be restored well by the three kinds of reactive regenerants. The difference is that the recovery of ductility is different: when the content of epoxy functional group compound is 5%, the single epoxy functional group reactive regenerant (SR) and the double epoxy functional group reactive regenerant (SDR) can be restored well. The ductility of aging SBS modified asphalt can be restored from 1.2 cm to 15 cm and 20 cm, respectively, but the ductility of aging SBS modified asphalt can be restored from 1.2 cm to 26 cm by SDTR.
(3) Reactive regenerant has good regeneration effect on pure aging SBS modified asphalt and new-old SBS modified asphalt. For example, 9% SDTR can restore the physical properties of new-old SBS modified asphalt and 11% SDTR can basically restore the physical properties of pure aging SBS modified asphalt. The viscosity of recycled SBS modified asphalt decreases and penetration increases.
(4) DSR test showed that the reactive regenerant could reduce the complex modulus and increase the phase angle of the aged SBS modified asphalt, which indicated that the reactive regenerant could restore the viscoelastic properties of the aged SBS modified asphalt.
(5) FTIR analysis showed that the content of C=C double bond in SBS modified asphalt decreased and the content of C=O group increased after aging, but the content of C=O group decreased and the relative content of C=C group increased when the reactive regenerant was added. This was because the epoxy group in the reactive regenerant could react with SBS degradation product SB to form carboxyl group and make SB pass through the regenerant. Fluorescence microscopy also showed that the microstructure of SBS in recycled modified asphalt was restored.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U414

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