城市交通控制与交通诱导协同研究

发布时间：2018-12-23 21:04

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,交通需求持续加强,交通拥堵、环境污染、交通事故、能源短缺等各种城市交通问题日益严重。交通控制系统从初期的单点定时控制发展到如今的区域自适应控制,成为治理城市交通问题的重要举措。近年来,随着计算机技术、通信技术、人工智能等现代高科技技术的不断发展,交通诱导系统也应用于城市交通系统中,诱导效果也在不断提高。交通控制系统和交通诱导系统作为智能交通系统的重要组成部分,管理目标都是城市路网的交通流,二者既相互联系、又相互影响。交通控制系统和交通诱导系统独立运行时各自都能取得很好的效果,但是从系统的角度看,并不一定能取得最优的效果。如何将交通控制与交通诱导协同运行,达到系统最优的效果,实现交通管理系统的资源节约与整合,实现交通管理手段的时空互补,对于改善城市交通问题具有重要意义。本文对交通控制系统、交通诱导系统、交通信息处理等基础知识进行了综述,综合国内外的研究成果,分析了交通控制与交通诱导协同的关系,总结了交通控制与交通诱导协同的模式。以均衡路网上的交通流量,消除局部地区的交通拥堵,让整个路网交通系统恢复到平衡的交通状态为核心思想,提出一种基于消除拥堵和区域内总的行程时间最小的双目标协同优化模型。模型从加权平均饱和度和加权平均饱和度的方差作为切入点,判断协同小区内是否存在路段或交叉口的拥堵,如存在则通过调整绿信比,均衡路网交通流量消除拥堵,否则以协同小区的总的行程时间尽可能小为目标进行绿信比的调整和路网流量的分配。针对提出的双目标协同模型,分别设计了以消除拥堵和优化行程时间为目标的求解算法。其中,消除拥堵的求解算法采用小步长的试算优化不断调整信号配时参数,达到消除拥堵的目的,优化行程时间的求解算法采用遗传算法进行求解,得到控制与诱导的控制变量。最后通过实例仿真,验证了模型及算法的有效性。最后对论文进行了总结和展望。总结了本文的主要研究成果,并对未来的研究提出了改进方案。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, traffic demand is continuously strengthened, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, traffic accidents, energy shortage and other urban traffic problems are becoming more and more serious. Traffic control system has developed from the initial single-point timing control to the regional adaptive control, which has become an important measure to deal with urban traffic problems. In recent years, with the development of modern high-tech technology, such as computer technology, communication technology, artificial intelligence and so on, traffic guidance system has been applied in urban transportation system, and the effect of guidance has been improved. Traffic control system (TCS) and traffic guidance system (TSS), as an important part of intelligent transportation system (its), manage the traffic flow of urban road network, both of which are related to each other and interact with each other. Both the traffic control system and the traffic guidance system can achieve good results when they are running independently, but from the point of view of the system, the optimal results are not always achieved. How to coordinate traffic control and traffic guidance to achieve the optimal effect of the system, realize the resource saving and integration of traffic management system, and realize the space-time complementary of traffic management means is of great significance to improve the urban traffic problem. This paper summarizes the basic knowledge of traffic control system, traffic guidance system, traffic information processing, and analyzes the relationship between traffic control and traffic guidance coordination. The mode of coordination between traffic control and traffic guidance is summarized. The core idea is to balance the traffic flow on the road network, eliminate traffic congestion in local areas, and restore the whole road network traffic system to a balanced traffic state. A two-objective cooperative optimization model based on eliminating congestion and minimizing the total travel time in a region is proposed. Based on the variance of weighted average saturation and weighted average saturation, the model determines whether there is congestion at road sections or intersections in synergetic communities, and if it exists, it can balance the traffic flow to eliminate congestion by adjusting the green letter ratio. Otherwise, the total travel time of the cooperative community is as small as possible to adjust the green to credit ratio and to allocate the network flow. Aiming at the proposed two-objective cooperative model, the algorithms aiming at eliminating congestion and optimizing travel time are designed respectively. Among them, the algorithm of eliminating congestion adopts small step size to optimize the parameters of signal timing, so as to eliminate congestion, and the algorithm of optimizing travel time is solved by genetic algorithm. Control and induced variables are obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by an example. Finally, the paper is summarized and prospected. The main research results of this paper are summarized, and the improvement scheme for future research is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

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