路段非机动车交通流特性研究
发布时间：2019-05-29 18:07
【摘要】：非机动交通是我国城市交通的一个重要组成部分，除了个别城市，不同规模的城市交通出行方式中，，非机动车交通出行占有较大的比重。非机动车具有体积小、方便灵活、环保低碳等优点受到出行者的喜爱，但是由于机动车保有量的不断增加，非机动车道路行驶空间受到挤压，加上电动自行车的不断增加，导致机非混行现象严重，由非机动车引发的交通事故逐年增加，交通环境和安全日益严峻。因此，研究非机动车交通流特性尤为重要。 本文以大量路段实测数据为基础，运用数理统计方法和spss软件统计分析功能对路段非机动车速度特性、交通冲突特性及速度-流量关系等进行分析，研究路段非机动车交通流特性。 本文首先对非机动车交通基本特性进行分析，包括非机动车交通的运动特性、使用者的骑行心理及骑行行为、时空分布特性、速度及横向分布特性。其中重点分析非机动车速度特性，包括不同机非分隔类型、性别对非机动车速度的影响，并验证速度分布服从正态分布。在对非机动车交通特性分析的基础上分析了非机动车的交通冲突特性及安全特性，对不同机非隔离类型下，非机动车与非机动车、机动车和行人之间的冲突类型及冲突特性进行分析，重点分析了公交站处非机动车与机动车的冲突；从交通特性和交通事故方面对自行车和电动自行车安全特性进行对比分析，指出电动自行车交通事故多发的原因并提出非机动车安全治理对策。 论文第四章研究了机非物理隔离路段非机动车混合交通流速度-流量特性，分析了电动自行车不同混入比例下，非机动车各车型速度-流量相关关系，并对速度-流量关系进行相关性检验，得出结论：自行车速度离散性较大，与流量相关性很低，主要受骑行者体力和性别影响；自由流状态下，速度分布在某一期望车速附近，流量大于临界流量时，速度-流量均符合二次曲线函数关系，最后分别建立不同比例下，电动自行车、非机动车速度-流量关系模型，并将模型应用于实际，即作为道路新建或改造时非机动车道宽度设置的参考依据。
[Abstract]:Non-motorized traffic is an important part of urban traffic in our country. In addition to individual cities, non-motorized traffic accounts for a large proportion of different scale of urban traffic travel. Non-motor vehicles have the advantages of small size, convenience and flexibility, environmental protection and low carbon, which are loved by travelers. However, due to the increasing number of motor vehicles, the driving space of non-motorized roads is squeezed, coupled with the increasing number of electric bicycles. As a result, the phenomenon of non-mixed traffic is serious, the traffic accidents caused by non-motor vehicles are increasing year by year, and the traffic environment and safety are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the traffic flow characteristics of non-motor vehicles. Based on a large number of measured data of road sections, this paper analyzes the speed characteristics of non-motor vehicles, traffic conflict characteristics and the relationship between speed and flow by using mathematical statistics method and spss software statistical analysis function. The characteristics of non-motorized traffic flow in road sections are studied. In this paper, the basic characteristics of non-motorized traffic are analyzed, including the sports characteristics of non-motorized traffic, the cycling psychology and behavior of users, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the speed and transverse distribution characteristics. It focuses on the analysis of the speed characteristics of non-motorized vehicles, including the influence of different non-segregated types and gender on the speed of non-motorized vehicles, and verifies that the speed distribution obeys the normal distribution. Based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of non-motor vehicles, the traffic conflict characteristics and safety characteristics of non-motor vehicles are analyzed. Under different types of non-isolation, non-motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, The conflict types and characteristics between motor vehicles and pedestrians are analyzed, with emphasis on the conflict between non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles at bus stations. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the safety characteristics of bicycles and electric bicycles from the aspects of traffic characteristics and traffic accidents, points out the causes of frequent traffic accidents of electric bicycles, and puts forward some countermeasures for the safety control of non-motor vehicles. In the fourth chapter, the velocity-flow characteristics of non-motor vehicle mixed traffic in non-physical isolation section are studied, and the correlation between speed and flow of non-motor vehicle under different mixing ratio of electric bicycle is analyzed. The correlation test of the relationship between speed and flow is carried out, and it is concluded that the dispersion of bicycle speed is large, and the correlation with flow is very low, which is mainly affected by the physical strength and sex of cyclists. Under the condition of free flow, the velocity is distributed near a certain expected speed, and when the flow rate is greater than the critical flow rate, the velocity-flow rate accords with the quadratic curve function. Finally, the electric bicycle is established in different proportion. The non-motor vehicle speed-flow relationship model is applied to practice, that is to say, it can be used as a reference for setting the width of non-motorized lanes when roads are built or rebuilt.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.112
[Abstract]:Non-motorized traffic is an important part of urban traffic in our country. In addition to individual cities, non-motorized traffic accounts for a large proportion of different scale of urban traffic travel. Non-motor vehicles have the advantages of small size, convenience and flexibility, environmental protection and low carbon, which are loved by travelers. However, due to the increasing number of motor vehicles, the driving space of non-motorized roads is squeezed, coupled with the increasing number of electric bicycles. As a result, the phenomenon of non-mixed traffic is serious, the traffic accidents caused by non-motor vehicles are increasing year by year, and the traffic environment and safety are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the traffic flow characteristics of non-motor vehicles. Based on a large number of measured data of road sections, this paper analyzes the speed characteristics of non-motor vehicles, traffic conflict characteristics and the relationship between speed and flow by using mathematical statistics method and spss software statistical analysis function. The characteristics of non-motorized traffic flow in road sections are studied. In this paper, the basic characteristics of non-motorized traffic are analyzed, including the sports characteristics of non-motorized traffic, the cycling psychology and behavior of users, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the speed and transverse distribution characteristics. It focuses on the analysis of the speed characteristics of non-motorized vehicles, including the influence of different non-segregated types and gender on the speed of non-motorized vehicles, and verifies that the speed distribution obeys the normal distribution. Based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of non-motor vehicles, the traffic conflict characteristics and safety characteristics of non-motor vehicles are analyzed. Under different types of non-isolation, non-motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, The conflict types and characteristics between motor vehicles and pedestrians are analyzed, with emphasis on the conflict between non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles at bus stations. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the safety characteristics of bicycles and electric bicycles from the aspects of traffic characteristics and traffic accidents, points out the causes of frequent traffic accidents of electric bicycles, and puts forward some countermeasures for the safety control of non-motor vehicles. In the fourth chapter, the velocity-flow characteristics of non-motor vehicle mixed traffic in non-physical isolation section are studied, and the correlation between speed and flow of non-motor vehicle under different mixing ratio of electric bicycle is analyzed. The correlation test of the relationship between speed and flow is carried out, and it is concluded that the dispersion of bicycle speed is large, and the correlation with flow is very low, which is mainly affected by the physical strength and sex of cyclists. Under the condition of free flow, the velocity is distributed near a certain expected speed, and when the flow rate is greater than the critical flow rate, the velocity-flow rate accords with the quadratic curve function. Finally, the electric bicycle is established in different proportion. The non-motor vehicle speed-flow relationship model is applied to practice, that is to say, it can be used as a reference for setting the width of non-motorized lanes when roads are built or rebuilt.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.112
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 陈艳艳,刘小明,洪峰,罗铭;电动自行车在北京发展策略研究[J];道路交通与安全;2002年04期
2 王宏雁;戎U喆
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