光质对紫色小白菜生长和花青苷合成基因表达的影响

发布时间：2018-07-04 07:58

本文选题：光质 + 紫色小白菜　；参考：《福建农林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：光是确保植物进行正常个体发育必不可少的外界条件,它在促进植物组织和器官的分化同时,还能为植物进行光合作用提供能量。光质对植物的作用具有多面性,在植物光形态建成,物质合成代谢及基因调控等方面均有影响,光质对植物花青昔合成调控研究也已深入。研究光质对植物生长和相关营养物质含量以及花青苷合成的影响,以及光质对花青苷合成基因的调控作用,为光质对设施蔬菜栽培的影响提供参考材料。本文以紫色小白菜(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis (L.) Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee)品种“紫冠1号”为试验材料,克隆了紫色小白菜叶片中花青苷合成关键基因；同时以LED灯精确控制处理的光照强度和光照波长,采用红光(R)、蓝光(B)和红蓝组合光(R/B),配比为3：7、5：5、7：3、8：2和9：1,以白光为对照(CK),研究光质对紫色小白菜地上部和地下部生长、光合色素合成和花青苷合成以及花青苷合成关键基因表达水平的动态影响,从植物生理层面和基因表达层面探讨光质对紫色小白菜生长和花青苷合成的调控作用,主要结果如下：(1)研究了光质对紫色小白菜根系形态和根冠比的影响。结果表明,在处理前期(5、10d),R、B和一定比例的R/B可以明显促进植物根冠比的增加；处理后期(20、25d),B和R/B能够显著促进根冠比的增加,而R则抑制根冠比增加。在植株的整个生长过程中,7R/3B和B显著增加根平均直径、根长和根平均体积,R对根系形态的形成无影响或抑制根系的生长；处理后期,B、3R/7B、7R/3B、 8R/2B都明显促进植株根表面积和根体积的增加；光质对植株根尖数和分根数的影响效应在前期都未表现出明显的影响效应,25d后才有显著性差异(p0.05)(2)研究了光质对紫色小白菜地上部生长的影响。结果表明,光质处理后期,光质都促进植株茎的增粗,其中3R/7B、5R/5B、 7R/3B和9R/1B处理都明显促进紫色小白菜植株茎的增粗(p0.05)；3R/7B促进或显著促进紫色小白菜叶片拓展。(3)研究了光质对紫色小白菜叶片若干营养物质含量的影响。结果显示,R、B及R/B能够增加植株叶片可溶性蛋白的含量；B和一定比例的R/B能够促进可溶性糖含量的增加,但效果不明显；15d时,R和R/B显著增加Vc含量,R、B和R/B后期则抑制Vc的增加。(4)研究了光质对紫色小白菜叶片光合色素和花青苷合成的影响。结果表明,R/B显著增加Chla含量,R、B促进作用不明显。3R/7B的Chlb含量显著高于R、B,但与CK无明显差异。8R/2B明显提高Ch1含量,且R、B不显著促进Ch1的含量。R、B和R/B不显著促进Car含量的增加,但R/B的Car含量最高。光质处理前期(5、10、15d),花青苷含量呈下降趋势；15d时,花青苷含量最低；后期(20和25d)叶片花青苷含量大幅度上升,且B和R/B增加花青苷含量,其中B和7R/3B最显著。整个处理阶段,R不促进叶片花青苷的合成,R效应比CK弱。(5)运用同源克隆技术克隆得到紫色小白菜叶片花青苷合成的关键基因查尔酮合成酶(CHS)基因和花青素合成酶(ANS)基因。PCR扩增获得CHS和ANS全长分别为894bp和774bp,各自编码297和257个氨基酸,都与拟南芥和芜菁有较高的同源性,这为通过基因工程改变花青苷合成和积累奠定了基础。(6)应用荧光定量PCR (qPCR)技术分析紫色小白菜叶片花青苷合成关键基因在不同处理天数和不同的光质处理下的表达情况。与白光相比,光质处理前期(5d、10d和15d),B.3R/7B、7R/3B和8R/2B促进叶片CHS表达；整个处理阶段,R不促进或不调控CHS的表达。光质对F3H的调控作用具有波动性,不是持续的促进或不促进,不同处理天数下,光质的影响效应也会随之改变。同样发现R、B和R/B光质对DFR基因表达的调控有上调和下调,随着处理天数的不同而不断波动。
[Abstract]:Light is an essential external condition to ensure the normal ontogenesis of plants. It can promote the differentiation of plant tissues and organs, and also provide energy for plant photosynthesis. The effect of light on plants is multifaceted. It has an effect on plant light morphogenesis, material synthesis, and gene regulation. The effects of light quality on plant growth and related nutrient content and anthocyanin synthesis, as well as the effect of light quality on anthocyanin synthesis gene were studied, and the effect of light quality on the cultivation of vegetable plants was studied. The Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensi was used in this paper. S (L.) Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee) variety "Purple crown 1" was used as the test material to clone the key gene of anthocyanin synthesis in the leaves of Chinese cabbage. At the same time, the light intensity and light wavelength were accurately controlled by the LED lamp. The control effect of light quality on the growth of purple white cabbage and anthocyanin synthesis was studied from plant physiological level and gene expression level. The control effect of light quality on the growth of purple white cabbage and anthocyanin synthesis was investigated from plant physiological level and gene expression level. The effect of light quality on the growth of upper and underground parts of purple cabbage, photosynthetic pigment synthesis and anthocyanin synthesis, and the expression level of anthocyanin synthesis key genes were studied in white light (CK). As follows: (1) the effect of light quality on root morphology and root and crown ratio of Chinese cabbage was studied. The results showed that in the early stage of treatment (5,10d), R, B and a certain proportion of R/B could obviously promote the increase of root and crown ratio of plants; after the treatment (20,25d), B and R/B could significantly increase the root crown ratio, and R inhibited the root crown ratio. In the long process, 7R/3B and B significantly increased root mean diameter, root length and root mean volume. R had no influence on root formation or inhibition of root growth. At the later stage of treatment, B, 3R/7B, 7R/3B, 8R/2B all significantly increased root surface area and root volume, and the effect of light quality on the number of root tips and the number of roots did not appear in the early stage. The effect of 25d was significant (P0.05) (2). The effect of light quality on the shoot growth of Chinese cabbage was studied. The results showed that the light quality promoted the thickening of plant stem in the later stage of light quality treatment, of which 3R/7B, 5R/5B, 7R/3B and 9R/1B significantly promoted the thickening of the stem of purple cabbage (P0.05); 3R/7B promoted or displayed. The effect of light quality on the content of some nutrients in the leaves of purple Chinese cabbage was studied. (3) the results showed that R, B and R/B could increase the content of soluble protein in plant leaves; B and a certain proportion of R/B could promote the increase of soluble sugar content, but the effect was not obvious; R and R/B increased significantly Vc when 15d. The content, R, B and R/B later inhibited the increase of Vc. (4) the effects of light quality on the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanins in the leaves of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results showed that R/B significantly increased the content of Chla, R, B promoted the Chlb content of not.3R/7B significantly higher than R, B. The content of.R, B and R/B did not significantly promote the increase of Car content, but the Car content of R/B was the highest. The content of anthocyanin in the early light quality treatment (5,10,15d) decreased; when 15d, the content of anthocyanin was the lowest; the content of anthocyanins in the later period (20 and 25d) increased greatly, and B and R/B increased anthocyanin content, among which the whole treatment stage was the most significant. R did not promote the synthesis of anthocyanin, and the R effect was weaker than that of CK. (5) the key gene of chalcone synthase (CHS) and anthocyanin synthase (ANS) gene from the leaves of purple cabbage leaves were cloned by homologous cloning technology and.PCR amplification of the ANS gene of anthocyanin synthetase (ANS) gene was separated into 894bp and 774bp, each of which encodes 297 and 257 amino acids. Arabidopsis and turnip have high homology, which lays the foundation for the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin through genetic engineering. (6) the application of fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique to analyze the expression of key genes of anthocyanin synthesis in the leaves of purple Chinese cabbage in different days and different light quality. Compared with white light, the early light quality treatment was compared with white light. (5d, 10d and 15d), B.3R/7B, 7R/3B and 8R/2B promote the expression of CHS in leaves; R does not promote or regulate the expression of CHS at the whole treatment stage. The regulation of light quality to F3H is fluctuant, not continuous promotion or non promotion, and the effect of light quality will also change under different days of treatment. The regulation was increased and decreased, and fluctuated with the number of days.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S634.3

【相似文献】