高丹草杂种和亲本叶片基因差异表达研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 12:25

本文选题：高丹草 + cDNA-AFLP　；参考：《植物遗传资源学报》2016年04期

【摘要】：以4份高粱不育系和5种类型苏丹草为亲本,按照NCⅡ设计配制成20个杂交组合,分析各组合及亲本的表型值和中亲及超亲优势并筛选出8个优势强的组合为试材,利用cDNA-AFLP技术,分析杂种与亲本苗期叶片基因差异表达类型与主要产量性状的杂种表现及杂种优势的关系。研究表明:(1)12对引物共扩增出315条TDFs,杂种与亲本间基因表达类型有:单亲表达一致一型(P1F1型)和二型(P2F1型)、杂种特异表达类型(F1型)、单亲表达沉默一型(P1型)和二型(P2型)、双亲共沉默类型(P1P2型)和杂种亲本表达一致型(P1F1P2型)7种。(2)在差异展示类型与产量构成因素的相关分析中,有效分蘖数与P1F1型(0.726**)呈极显著正相关,单株鲜重与P1P2型(0.659*)、叶长与P2型(0.647*)呈显著正相关,成株期叶片数与F1型(-0.81**)呈极显著负相关。在与中亲优势相关分析中发现,单株鲜重与P1(0.695*)、P2(0.637*)呈显著正相关,单株鲜重与P1F1P2型(0.743**)呈极显著正相关,叶宽与P1P2型(-0.619*)呈显著负相关。在与超亲优势进行相关分析后发现,穗长与P2F1型(0.732**)呈极显著正相关,叶宽与P2F1型(-0.731**)以及P1P2型(-0.731**)呈极显著负相关。(3)差异展示类型P1F1、P2F1、P1和P2是显性效应类型,共占总检测的91.4%。差异展示类型F1和P1P2表现超显性,共占总检测的4.8%,说明各个性状的杂种表现主要受到的是(超)显性效应影响。(4)对8个与高丹草杂种优势相关的TDFs进行回收及BLAST分析均得到同源核苷酸,并且找到7个同源蛋白,这些蛋白质在控制植物生长发育方面具有重要作用。(5)将克隆测序获得差异片段的核苷酸序列,采用半定量RT-PCR进行了验证。本研究为进一步揭示高丹草杂种优势的分子机制和提高高丹草强优势组合的筛选效率以及种质资源的创建提供依据。
[Abstract]:Twenty cross combinations were prepared with 4 sterile lines and 5 types of Sudan grass as parents. The phenotypic values of each combination and its parents were analyzed, and 8 strong combinations were selected as test materials. CDNA-AFLP technique was used to analyze the relationship between heterosis and heterosis between hybrid and parent in seedling stage. The results showed that: (1) 315 TDFs were amplified from 12 pairs of primers. The gene expression types between hybrids and parents were: single parent expression type 1 (P1F1 type) and type 2 (P2F1 type), hybrid specific type (type F1), single parent expression silence type 1 (P1 type) and two types of gene expression. (2) in the correlation analysis between the differential display type and the yield components, there were 7 types of parental cosility (P1P2) and hybrid parents (P1F1P2), respectively, in the analysis of the relationship between P1F1P2, P1F1P2, P1F1P2, P1F1P2, P1F1P2 and P1F1P2. The effective tiller number was significantly positively correlated with P1F1 type (0.726 ~ *), fresh weight per plant with P1P2 type (0.659 *), leaf length with P2 type (0.647 *), leaf number at adult stage and F1 type (-0.81N *). It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between fresh weight per plant and P1 (0.637 *), fresh weight per plant and P1F1P2 type (0.743 ~ *), and a negative correlation between leaf width and P1P2 type (-0.619 *). It was found that ear length was positively correlated with P2F1 type (0.732 *), leaf width was significantly negatively correlated with P2F1 type (-0.731N *) and P1P2 type (-0.731T *). (3) P1F1P2F1P1 and P2 were dominant effect types, accounting for 91.4% of the total tested results. F1 and P1P2 showed overdominance. The results showed that the heterosis of each trait was mainly influenced by the dominant effect. (4) homologous nucleotides were obtained from 8 TDFs related to heterosis and blast analysis, and 7 homologous proteins were found. These proteins play an important role in controlling plant growth and development. (5) cloning and sequencing were used to obtain the nucleotide sequence of the differential fragment, which was verified by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. This study provides the basis for further revealing the molecular mechanism of heterosis and improving the screening efficiency of strong heterosis combinations and the establishment of germplasm resources.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学农学院;内蒙古农业大学生态与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31160302、31460375) 呼和浩特市科技计划项目(2012-重-计-8-2)
【分类号】：S54

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