‘巨峰’葡萄盛花后弱光胁迫对叶片光合生理及光合酶基因表达的影响

发布时间：2018-12-15 03:16

【摘要】：为了探明弱光胁迫对葡萄叶片光合生理的影响,以4年生‘巨峰’葡萄为材料,在盛花后进行20 d 70%遮光作为弱光处理,然后恢复至未遮光植株(对照)水平,测定果实品质和叶片的光合参数、叶绿素荧光、叶绿素含量、叶片糖含量及组分、光合酶基因及蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因表达等。结果发现,弱光处理导致成熟期葡萄果实可溶性固形物含量降低,可滴定酸含量升高,果皮花色苷含量减少,果实纵径降低。随着弱光时间延长,叶片叶绿素b含量增加,叶绿素a/b值下降,光合速率和光化学效率降低,叶片中可溶性糖含量降低,Rubisco大、小亚基,PRKase,SPS1-2,SPS3等基因表达受到抑制;光照恢复至对照水平10 d后,光合速率、光化学效率及可溶性糖含量略有上升,光合酶基因表达得到部分恢复;恢复光照50 d后,叶绿素a/b、叶片可溶性糖含量、部分光合酶基因和SPS表达等基本与对照水平一致,仅Rubisco大亚基1(RbcL1)表达仍低于对照。说明长时间弱光处理对葡萄叶片光合中心的损伤短期内不可逆,部分光合酶和蔗糖代谢关键酶基因表达受到抑制,叶片光合能力下降,光合产物合成与积累减少,进而导致了葡萄果实变小,品质降低。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of low light stress on photosynthetic physiology of grape leaves, 4-year-old 'Jufeng' grape was treated with 70% shading for 20 days after flowering, and then returned to the level of unshaded plant (control). Fruit quality and photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, leaf sugar content and components, photosynthetic enzyme gene and sucrose phosphate synthase gene expression were measured. The results showed that the content of soluble solids decreased, the titratable acid content increased, the anthocyanin content of pericarp decreased and the vertical diameter of fruit decreased after low light treatment. With the extension of low light time, chlorophyll b content increased, chlorophyll a / b value decreased, photosynthetic rate and photochemical efficiency decreased, soluble sugar content in leaf decreased, Rubisco, small subunit, PRKase,SPS1-2, decreased. The expression of SPS3 and other genes was inhibited. The photosynthetic rate, photochemical efficiency and soluble sugar content increased slightly, and the expression of photosynthetic enzyme gene was partially recovered. After 50 days of light restoration, chlorophyll a / b, soluble sugar content, partial photosynthetic enzyme gene and SPS expression were basically the same as those of the control, but the expression of Rubisco large subunit 1 (RbcL1) was still lower than that of the control. The results showed that the damage to the photosynthetic center of grape leaves was irreversible for a long time, the expression of some key enzymes of photosynthesis and sucrose metabolism was inhibited, the photosynthetic ability of leaves was decreased, and the synthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic products were decreased. In turn, the grape fruit became smaller and the quality decreased.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学农业与生物学院;
【基金】：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-30-zp-07)
【分类号】：S663.1

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