水文变异下长江荆南三口河道内生态需水量变化及贡献因素

发布时间：2018-03-07 04:15

本文选题：生态需水量　切入点：水文变异　出处：《应用生态学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于1951—2015年长江荆南三口5站实测原型年径流量序列,采用Mann-Kendall等方法检测其径流序列的突变年份.在此基础上,运用GEV概率密度最大流量法计算荆南三口河道内生态需水量,并从多时空尺度视角分析河道内生态需水量的时空差异及其贡献因素.结果表明:研究期间,新江口、沙道观、康家岗、管家铺和弥陀寺水文站的第一次径流突变年份分别为1990、1959、1959、1972和1972年,并将第一次突变以前的月均流量序列作为水文变异前的水文序列.在水文变异条件下,长江荆南三口1—12月的各月生态需水量分别为69.63、26.15、55.65、452.65、2166.44、4660.83、10875.66、9966.49、7868.38、4773.60、1655.01和338.49 m~3·s~(-1).新江口、沙道观、康家岗、管家铺和弥陀寺5个水文站的年均生态需水量分别为901.57、507.00、221.30、1438.03和581.62 m~3·s~(-1).水文变异后,荆南三口满足河道内生态需水的频率大幅下降,由变异前的55%以上下降至变异后的20%以下,生态需水缺乏现象严重.影响荆南三口河道内生态需水时空变化的因素主要为不同时期水利工程、各行业用水量等人类活动.
[Abstract]:Based on the prototype annual runoff series measured at three ports and five stations in Jingnan Yangtze River from 1951 to 2015, the abrupt year of runoff series was detected by Mann-Kendall and other methods. Based on this, the ecological water demand in three channels of Jingnan River was calculated by GEV probability density maximum discharge method. The temporal and spatial differences of ecological water demand in river and its contributing factors are analyzed from the view of multiple time and space scales. The results show that: during the study period, Xinjiang Estuary, Shadaoguan, Kangjiagang, Kangjiagang, The first runoff abrupt year of Yaopu and Mituosi hydrologic station was 1909 / 1959/ 1972 and 1972, respectively, and the monthly average discharge sequence before the first mutation was taken as the hydrological sequence before hydrological variation. Under the condition of hydrological variation, The monthly ecological water requirements of Jingnan River in January and December were 69.63nb 26.1555.65.55.65.452.66.4cu 44660.83n10875.6966.49 / 7868.38.383.60n4773.60 / 1655.01 and 338.49m3 路s ~ (-1) / 1 respectively. The annual ecological requirements of the five hydrological stations in Xinjiangkou, Sha Daoguan, Kangjiagang, Yaopu and Mituo Temple were 901.57507.00221.300.1438.03 and 581.62 mN3 路s-1, respectively, after hydrological variation, the average annual ecological water requirement of the five hydrological stations was 901.57507.00221.303.38.03 and 581.62 mm3 路s-1 respectively, and the ecological water requirements of the five hydrological stations were 901.57507.007.00223.38.03 and 581.62 m-1 路s-1, respectively. The frequency of meeting the ecological water demand of the river in the three mouths of Jingnan has been greatly reduced, from more than 55% before the mutation to below 20% after the mutation. The main factors affecting the spatial and temporal variation of ecological water demand in three rivers in Jingnan are water conservancy projects in different periods and water consumption in various industries.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院;六盘水师范学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571100) 湖南省重点学科建设项目(2011001) 湖南省教育厅重点项目(16A129)资助~~
【分类号】：TV12

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