透水路面—生物滞留联合应用设计及应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 07:15

本文选题：透水路面　切入点：生物滞留　出处：《北京建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市“雨水病”的日益加剧,透水路面和生物滞留作为应用相对广泛的低影响开发(LID)雨水管理控制技术,越来越多的被应用于城市道路、广场等场所。目前,透水路面与生物滞留技术作为城市道路径流雨水控制系统的核心技术已越来越多地组合采用,相比于透水路面或生物滞留等单一措施,联合应用在理论上能更有效的提高排水设计标准。而目前针对透水路面-生物滞留联合应用的设计等的研究很少,同时也缺乏对联合应用应用过程中融雪剂问题的研究,因此本文主要进行两部分的研究：透水路面产流机理、排水系统设计及透水路面-生物滞留组合措施的水文学设计；融雪剂在生物滞留设施内的富集迁移规律实验研究。第一部分的研究包括以下内容： (1)阐述了透水路面的产流机理,提出了基于有效饱和度的透水路面的水力传导度计算方程,并对排水型透水路面的径流系数进行了讨论。给出了应用Ranieri模型设计纵坡较大路段的透水路面的流程。研究了透水路面的内部排水系统设计,同时对路面结构的透水能力及面层下集水管的排水能力的计算方法进行了研究。 (2)针对透水路面-生物滞留联合应用的衔接方式进行了分类,并进行比较,给出了不同类型衔接方式的适用场所及设计中需注意的问题,同时提出了不同类型衔接方式的简化模型及设计方法,联合透水路面水文模型和生物滞留水文模型,可以构建联合应用的水文分析模型。 (3)提出了基于最佳径流控制效果的透水路面-生物滞留联合应用的设计思路,并对其中关键构造溢流口提出了新的设计思路,并给出了相应的设计方法。第二部分的研究包括以下内容及结论： (1)融雪剂的使用导致装置种植土和介质层中的融雪剂大量增加。随着土壤深度的增加,融雪剂含量先小幅升高,后大幅降低； (2)随着融雪剂的累积,不同介质材料的土柱中各取样点处钠离子含量均出现一定程度的升高,随着土壤深度的增加,融雪剂含量先小幅升高后大幅降低的趋势基本不变,且融雪剂仍主要富集于种植土层0-20cm深范围内； (3)得出推论：在融雪剂播撒量不超过设施汇水面每平米30g的条件下,在全年降雪-降雨周期内,融雪剂在以炉渣和砂土作为介质层且不设内部蓄水层的生物滞留设施内会经过由不断富集到全部被淋洗排除设施内过程,但在冬季至雨季初期左右这段时间内,设施中会累积大量融雪剂,会对植物的生长造成影响。 (4)针对融雪剂污染问题,提出了工程性、非工程性防治措施。
[Abstract]:As urban "Rain Water's disease" intensifies day by day, permeable pavement and biological retention, as a relatively wide range of low-impact development techniques for LID-#china_person1# management and control, are more and more used in urban roads, squares and other places. At present, As the core technology of urban road runoff control system, permeable pavement and biological retention technology have been used more and more, compared with single measures such as permeable pavement or biological retention. In theory, the combined application can improve the drainage design standard more effectively. However, there is little research on the combined application of permeable pavement and biological retention, and there is also a lack of research on the snow melting agent in the process of combined application. Therefore, this paper mainly carries out two parts of research: the mechanism of water permeable pavement, the design of drainage system and the hydrological design of the combination of permeable pavement and biological retention, and the experimental study on the enrichment and migration of snow melting agent in biological detention facilities. The first part of the study includes the following:. 1) the flow mechanism of permeable pavement is expounded, and the equation of hydraulic conductivity of permeable pavement based on effective saturation is put forward. The runoff coefficient of drainage permeable pavement is discussed, and the flow chart of designing permeable pavement with Ranieri model is given, and the design of internal drainage system of permeable pavement is studied. At the same time, the calculation method of the permeable capacity of pavement structure and the drainage capacity of the sewer under the surface layer is studied. (2) this paper classifies and compares the connection modes of the combined application of permeable pavement and biological retention, and gives the applicable places of different types of connection methods and the problems needing attention in the design. At the same time, the simplified models and design methods of different types of connection modes are put forward, which can be combined with the hydrological model of permeable pavement and the hydrological model of biological retention to construct the hydrological analysis model for joint application. The paper puts forward the design idea of the combined application of permeable pavement and biological retention based on the optimal runoff control effect, and puts forward a new design idea for the key structure overflow outlet, and gives the corresponding design method. The second part of the study includes the following contents and conclusions:. 1) the use of snow melting agent resulted in a large increase of snow melting agent in soil and medium layer. With the increase of soil depth, the content of snow melt agent increased slightly, then decreased significantly; (2) with the accumulation of snow melting agent, the content of sodium ion in the soil column of different medium materials increased to a certain extent, and with the increase of soil depth, the content of snow melting agent increased slightly first and then decreased substantially. And the snow melting agent is mainly concentrated in 0-20cm depth of planting soil layer. (3) deducing that, under conditions where the amount of snowmelt sowed does not exceed 30 g per square metre of the catchment surface of the facility, during the annual snowfall and rainfall cycle, The snow melting agent in the biological retention facilities with slag and sand as the medium layer and no internal water storage layer will undergo the process from continuous enrichment to all leaching and removal facilities, but during the period from winter to the beginning of the rainy season, The facility accumulates a large amount of snowmelt, which affects plant growth. 4) aiming at the problem of snow melting agent pollution, the engineering and non-engineering prevention measures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.9;TU992

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