SAR雷达参数及工作模式对海浪反演的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 09:46

本文选题：雷达　切入点：SAR　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：合成孔径雷达SAR是一种主动式微波遥感传感器，是一种能够全天时、全天候地对地进行观测的先进航天遥感手段。其优势在于全球覆盖和高分辨率，在海洋观测、环境监测、灾害监测等等领域，已经成为对地观测的一种主要手段。目前各种波段、不同极化组合以及不同工作模式的SAR种类繁多，其不同目标的观测精度也不尽相同。因此，要发展SAR海洋应用技术，阐明SAR雷达参数及工作模式对目标反演的影响至关重要。本论文对星载SAR海浪仿真分析，对不同工作模式和参数建立的海浪仿真的模型进行了比对分析。对星载SAR数据海浪仿真技术和海浪信息提取技术进行研究，以最终获得的图像和数据结果来分析不同参数和工作模式对海浪反演的影响，并针对海浪反演的最佳工作方式进行研究。结合海浪反演技术的研究，给出海浪反演的最佳成像模式、在轨使用方式、入射角、分辨率、测绘带宽、辐射精度等方面的建议。通过对SAR仿真图像进行反演，得出各种工作方式和参数对海浪反演的影响如下： a.入射角20o和30o最适合反演，40o和50o也在适应范围内，，小入射角和大入射角会带来较大误差。 b.空间分辨率对海浪反演并不是越高越好，空间分辨率为3米时，反演结果并不是最好的，而空间分辨率为25米时的反演结果已经较为理想。 c.对高精度要求的波浪观测，极化方式使用双极化或全极化。由各波段VV和HH极化电磁波后向散射截面随风速的变化可见，VV极化波对风速的响应更加明显。因此，如果对风速的观测精度要求比较高，则应该优选VV极化。 d.辐射精度对波浪反演的影响主要体现在波高的反演上面，从对仿真数据的处理分析上看，要保证波高的反演误差在20%以内，误差应该控制在2dB以内。
[Abstract]:Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an active microwave remote sensing sensor. It is an advanced space remote sensing method which can be observed all day, all weather, and surface to ground.Its advantage lies in its global coverage and high resolution. It has become a major means of Earth observation in the fields of ocean observation, environmental monitoring, disaster monitoring and so on.At present, there are many kinds of SAR with different bands, different polarization combinations and different working modes, and the observation accuracy of different targets is different.Therefore, in order to develop SAR ocean application technology, it is very important to clarify the influence of SAR radar parameters and working model on target inversion.The wave simulation technology and wave information extraction technology of spaceborne SAR data are studied. The effects of different parameters and working patterns on ocean wave inversion are analyzed with the obtained images and data results.And the best working way of wave inversion is studied.Based on the research of ocean wave inversion technology, the best imaging model, the mode of in-orbit use, the incident angle, the resolution, the mapping bandwidth and the radiating accuracy of the wave inversion are given.By inversion of SAR simulation images, the effects of various working modes and parameters on ocean wave inversion are obtained as follows:a.The 20 o and 30 o incident angles are most suitable for the inversion of 40 o and 50 o in the adaptive range, and the small and large incident angles will lead to large errors.b.When the spatial resolution is 3 meters, the inversion result is not the best, and the inversion result when the spatial resolution is 25 meters is better.c.For wave observations with high accuracy, the polarization mode is dual or fully polarized.The change of backscattering cross section of VV and HH polarization electromagnetic waves with wind speed shows that the response of VV polarization wave to wind speed is more obvious.Therefore, VV polarization should be chosen if the accuracy of wind speed is high.d.The effect of radiation accuracy on wave inversion is mainly reflected in the inversion of wave height. From the analysis of simulation data, the inversion error of wave height should be controlled within 2dB to ensure that the inversion error of wave height is less than 20%.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P731.22;P714.1

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