山西省中部引黄输水运行控制系统仿真研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 01:07

本文选题：圣维南方程 + 泵站事故停机　；参考：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西省中部引黄工程是山西省"十二五规划"大水网建设中一项重要的工程,主要是为了解决山西省水资源不平衡造成的发展不平衡。工程从黄河上游的天桥水库取水,通过泵站提水后,将水资源以明渠、隧洞,倒虹吸、暗涵等形式送到供水地区。取水工程包含天桥水库取水的输水隧洞后和隧洞后的提水泵站工程,输水工程则是开敞式输水系统,特点是具有强大的输水能力,明渠中的非恒定流大部分是由于闸门的开启和关闭等人为因素所导致,为了满足现实输水的需求,需要进行水力过渡过程计算,确定系统非恒定流时水位、流量、流速、水深等水力要素沿流程和随时间的变化规律。在长距离输水运行控制中进行非恒定流水力学数值模拟仿真,分析过渡过程中水力要素的特性,对输水系统和设备选型和维护都具有重大意义。本论文主要研究中部引黄取水工程泵站的水力过渡过程和输水工程中明渠中水位和流量的过渡过程,具体研究如下:(1)研究引黄工程的取水工程,着重研究了泵站事故停机是泵后阀门首端和进水口压力过大的问题,采用特征线法,建立了泵站水锤的过渡过程计算模型。同时结合工程概况,建立了泵站出口球阀的两阶段的整定模型,模型以降低泵后阀门首端和进水口压力为目标函数,以球阀两阶段的快关角度和慢关时间为整定变量,加上相对应的约束条件,对两阶段关阀进行初步的整定,确定目标函数的极小值,然后缩小整定的步长,进一步整定。整定结果表明:当6s快关72°,17s慢关18°时,泵后阀门首端压力为345.33m,进水口压力为88.0m,此时泵站机组的最大倒转转速为额定转速的1.04倍,为最佳组合结果。(2)研究引黄工程的输水工程1)首先研究了单维明渠的过渡过程,从机理出发求解的渠道非恒定流的圣维南偏微分方程,编写程序得到边界条件变化引起的的流量和水位变化的数据,将这些数据导入系统辨识工具箱,辨识出传递函数可作为渠段模型;同时将渠道对象进行建模,运用辨识的渠段传递函数搭建出渠道模型的控制图,调节控制参数得到相对应的水位变化值。2)其次研究了多维明渠,从机理出发渠道运用圣维南方程,结合分水口分水和闸门的流量共同组成渠道运行控制的数学模型,接着将这个数学模型转换成状态空间模型,首先运用单个MPC控制器进行整体控制得到对应的仿真结果。但是对于渠道大矩阵用单个的控制器去控制会产生较大的误差,不利于调节控制器的开度的缺点,使用分散预测控制对于大矩阵的渠道先按照控制器的个数进行分散,运用完全分散(DMPC)理论和集中式(CMPC)分散理论进行对应的控制,得到相对较好的结果。
[Abstract]:The Yellow River diversion Project in the central part of Shanxi Province is an important project in the construction of the flood network in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Shanxi Province, which is mainly aimed at solving the development imbalance caused by the imbalance of water resources in Shanxi Province. The project takes water from Tianqiao Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and carries water through pumping station to the water supply area in the form of open channel, tunnel, inverted siphon, hidden culvert and so on. The water intake project includes the pumping station behind the tunnel and behind the tunnel for water intake from Tianqiao Reservoir, and the open water conveyance system is used in the water conveyance project, which is characterized by a strong water conveyance capacity. Most of the unsteady flow in the open channel is caused by human factors such as the opening and closing of the gate. In order to meet the demand of the real water conveyance, the hydraulic transition process should be calculated to determine the water level, flow rate and velocity of the unsteady flow in the system. The variation of hydraulic factors such as water depth along the process and with time. The numerical simulation of unsteady flow mechanics in long distance water conveyance operation control and the analysis of the characteristics of hydraulic elements in the transition process are of great significance to the selection and maintenance of water conveyance system and equipment. This paper mainly studies the hydraulic transition process of the pumping station and the transition process of water level and discharge in the open channel of the central Yellow River diversion Project. The specific research is as follows: (1) the water intake project of the Yellow River diversion Project is studied. This paper focuses on the problem that the accident shutdown of pump station is the problem of excessive pressure at the first end of the valve and inlet at the back of the pump. The calculation model of the transient process of the water hammer in the pump station is established by using the characteristic line method. At the same time, combined with the general situation of the project, the two-stage setting model of the ball valve at the outlet of the pump station is established. The objective function of the model is to reduce the pressure at the head and inlet of the valve at the back of the pump, and the setting variables are the quick closing angle and the slow closing time of the two stages of the ball valve. With the corresponding constraint conditions, the two-stage shutoff valve is preliminarily tuned to determine the minimum value of the objective function, and then the step size of the setting is reduced to further set. The setting results show that the pressure at the first end of the valve is 345.33 m and the inlet pressure is 88.0 m when the 6s fast closing 72 掳/ 17s slow closing 18 掳, and the maximum reverse rotation speed of the pump station unit is 1.04 times of the rated speed. For the best combination result. (2) study the water conveyance project of the Yellow River diversion Project 1) first study the transition process of the single dimensional open channel and solve the Saint-Venant partial differential equation of the unsteady flow in the channel from the mechanism. The data of the change of discharge and water level caused by the change of boundary conditions are obtained, and the data are imported into the identification toolbox of the system to identify that the transfer function can be used as the model of the channel segment, and at the same time, the canal object is modeled. The control chart of the canal model is built by using the identified channel transfer function, and the corresponding water level change value is obtained by adjusting the control parameters. Secondly, the multi-dimensional open channel is studied. The mathematical model of channel operation control is formed by combining the flow of water splitter and sluice gate. Then the mathematical model is transformed into a state space model and the corresponding simulation results are obtained by using a single MPC controller to control the whole system. However, the large channel matrix can be controlled by a single controller, which is not conducive to adjusting the opening of the controller. The channel of large matrix is dispersed according to the number of controllers by using decentralized predictive control. The theory of complete dispersion (DMPC) and the theory of centralized dispersion (CMPC) are used to control the problem and better results are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TP391.9;TV67

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