泾河河道湿地公园生态设计的途径与方法

发布时间：2018-11-20 18:12

【摘要】：生态具有保护生物多样性、过滤污染物、防止水土流失、防风固沙、调节洪水等多功能。构建完善的生态系统是景观规划的主要目的，是解决当前人类剧烈活动造成的景观破碎化以及随之而来的众多环境污染问题的重要措施。在可持续发展、生态、低碳以及绿色环保等思想与理念被众人所知以及传播的当今社会，本文主要选取泾河湿地公园为主要研究对象，针对泾河湿地公园提出了一系列生态设计的途径与方法。并对河道湿地、河道与城市的关系等，进行了一系列详尽的分析与研究，并提出了利用生物过滤池这种生态手段来解决河道中存在的问题，以达到生态设计的目的。生态设计主要的生态处理方式是利用人工干预的方式，介入到自然过程中并且调节人居环境。生态设计的提出可以认为是人类的回归，让整个生态环境恢复到原始状态，并在此状态下完成自我循环。在进行生态设计的同时，也会解决人类与自然的生存矛盾，让人与自然和谐相处。区域中的生态设计，，对自然环境的改善有着显著影响。我国的河流上游没有限制地筑坝，拦截河流，导致下游水源时常中断、甚至出现干涸现象，更为重要的是，上游河流中的富含营养的微生物也被截断，切断了物质与能量的正常交换，导致河床出现盐碱地、淡水水源受到污染等现象。因此，如何平衡人工干预与自然正常过程之间的关系显得尤为重要。这时候就需要河流合理的生态设计。针对河道中的核心问题，本文从案例分析、基地调研、布局模式、解决河道问题方面进行了详细的研究。本文结合合理的湿地景观设计及生态设计，设计出一个具有既是雨洪公园，负责接纳城市中排泄出的雨水及生活用水，将其吸附、降解、渗透、过滤后转化为可使用水源，再排放进河道；又是一个湿地公园，生产和吸收着碳排放，调节气候，净化周边被污染的土地和水源，重新营造了生态环境，同时也传播了湿地文化；而且对于河道也有着巨大的贡献，利用生态设计与湿地公园的结合，河道中水资源的污染及干涸有所改善，同时由于本文重点的研究对象：生物过滤池，保证了河道中湿地景观的可持续呈现，也解决了在暴雨季节城市的洪水问题，还具有教育科普的意义对于河道湿地是一个一举多得的有效措施。在河道湿地中进行合理的生态设计，将其有效地结合，打破以往河道湿地景观简单划一的筑坝、种植植物的设计，转化为具有教育、娱乐休闲、调节生态环境、解决城市洪水问题、保证河道湿地景观等种种功能的一个湿地公园。
[Abstract]:Ecology has many functions, such as protecting biodiversity, filtering pollutants, preventing soil erosion, preventing wind and sand, regulating flood and so on. Constructing a perfect ecosystem is the main purpose of landscape planning and an important measure to solve the landscape fragmentation caused by intense human activities and many environmental pollution problems. In today's society, where sustainable development, ecology, low-carbon and green environmental protection are widely known and disseminated, this paper mainly selects Jinghe Wetland Park as the main research object. This paper puts forward a series of ways and methods of ecological design for Jinghe Wetland Park. A series of detailed analysis and research on river wetland and the relationship between river channel and city were carried out, and the ecological method of biofiltration pool was put forward to solve the problems existing in river course in order to achieve the purpose of ecological design. The main ecological treatment of ecological design is to use artificial intervention to intervene in the natural process and adjust the living environment. The proposal of ecological design can be regarded as the return of human beings to restore the whole ecological environment to the original state and complete the self-circulation in this state. At the same time, the ecological design will solve the contradiction between human beings and nature and make people and nature live in harmony. Ecological design in the region has a significant impact on the improvement of the natural environment. In our country, the upstream rivers are dammed without restriction, and the rivers are intercepted, which leads to the frequent interruption of the downstream water sources, even the phenomenon of drying up, and, more importantly, the cut off of the nutrient-rich microorganisms in the upstream rivers. The normal exchange of matter and energy has been cut off, resulting in salinization of river bed and pollution of fresh water source. Therefore, how to balance the relationship between artificial intervention and natural normal process is particularly important. At this point, the river needs a reasonable ecological design. Aiming at the core problems of river channel, this paper makes a detailed study on case analysis, base investigation, layout model and river channel problem solving. Combining with reasonable wetland landscape design and ecological design, this paper designs a park with both rain and flood, which is responsible for accepting Rain Water and domestic water from the city, adsorbing, degrading, permeating, filtering and transforming into usable water source. Redischarge into the river; It is also a wetland park, producing and absorbing carbon emissions, regulating the climate, purifying the polluted land and water sources around, creating a new ecological environment, and spreading wetland culture at the same time; And it also has a great contribution to the river course. With the combination of ecological design and wetland park, the pollution and drying up of water resources in the river have been improved. At the same time, because of the research object of this paper: biofilter, It ensures the sustainable appearance of the wetland landscape in the river, solves the flood problem of the city in the torrential rain season, and has the significance of popularizing science. It is an effective measure for the river channel wetland to kill more than one stone. Carrying on reasonable ecological design in river channel wetland, combining it effectively, breaking the simple and uniform dam construction of river wetland landscape, planting plant design, transforming it into education, recreation and recreation, adjusting ecological environment, Solve the problem of urban flood, ensure river wetland landscape and other functions of a wetland park.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986.2;TV82

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