咸水管理对华北平原冬小麦土壤盐分、生理响应和作物水分生产力的影响
发布时间：2021-06-08 07:59
华北平原（NCP）是中国重要的小麦粮食生产区,但是地下淡水资源紧缺,给粮食生产带来了重大影响。华北平原地下浅层有丰富的微咸水资源,含盐量通常为2～5 g L-1,虽然咸水灌溉会限制作物的生长,但是可以缓解华北地区的水资源紧缺,解决部分农田补灌问题。通过研究咸淡水交替灌溉对冬小麦不同生长阶段的生长、产量和水分生产力以及生理响应的影响,阐明长期咸淡水交替灌溉对冬小麦生长和盐积累的影响机制。SALTMED模型是一种高效灌溉管理策略的通用建模工具,通过运用此模型来进一步的研究华北水资源管理及咸淡水交替灌溉下冬小麦产量的预测。试验地在河北农林科学院旱地农业研究所试验站（北纬37°54′;东经115°42’）。田间试验处理包括不灌溉（NI）、淡水和微咸水交替灌溉（FS）、微咸水和淡水交替灌溉（SF）、微咸水灌溉（SS）和全生育期淡水灌溉（FF）。冬小麦在不同的生长阶段使用微咸水灌溉对小麦性状的影响机制不明晰。因此,2015-2018年进行了大田试验,以研究微咸水淡水交替灌溉是否适用于华北冬小麦生产。研究结果表明,与NI处理相比,SF和FS处理的小麦产量增加了20%。与FF处理...
【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】：130 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
CHAPTER 1:General introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Justification for the research problems
CHAPTER 2:Literature review
2.1 Effect of alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water on crop responses and the yield
2.1.1 Seed germination
2.1.2 Plant growth
2.1.3 Photosynthesis process and crop yield
2.1.4 Stomatal resistance
2.1.5 Chlorophyll content
2.2 Sodium and Potassium concentrations
2.2.1 Sodium(Na~+)
2.2.2 Potassium(K~+)
2.3 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on CWP
2.4 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on soil
2.4.1 Soil properties
2.4.2 Salt accumulation and salinization
2.5 Crop-water modeling in terms of crop yield and WUE
2.5.1 Performances of SALTMED model
2.5.2 Performances of Aquacrop model
CHAPTER 3:Sustaining yield of winter wheat under alternate irrigation using saline water at different growth stages:a case study in the NCP
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.2.1 Experimental site
3.2.2 Experimental treatments
3.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
3.2.4 Statistical analysis
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Soil water content and water consumptions
3.3.2 Soil p H and salinity development in the crop rootzone
3.3.3 Plant growth and yield
3.3.4 Na~+,K~+ concentrations and K~+:Na~+ ratio
3.3.5 Water productivity of winter wheat(WW)
3.4 Discussion
3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 4:Evaluating the performance of SALTMED model under alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water strategies to winter wheat in the NCP
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 The growing conditions and treatments
4.2.2 Experimental treatments and crop growing condition
4.2.3 Crop sampling and measurement
4.2.4 Description about SALTMED model and simulation
4.2.5 SALTMED model data requirement
4.2.6 Statistical indicators for validation
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Effect of the alternate irrigation on growth and yield of WW
4.3.2 Simulated biomass,grain yield and water productivity of WW
4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER 5:Soil salt accumulation and crop physiological responses of winter wheat to supplementary alternate irrigation with saline and fresh water at different crop growth stages in the NCP
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Site information
5.2.2 Treatments and growing conditions
5.2.3 Data collection,measurements and analyses
5.2.4 Simulation and validation
5.2.5 Statistical analysis
5.3 Result
5.3.1 Soil moisture content under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.2 Morphological responses of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.3 Physiological response of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.4 Soil salinity development pattern within the crop rootzone
5.3.5 Crop productions under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.6 Performance of SALTMED model under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6:Co-occurrence of drought and salinity synergistically enhanced water use efficiency of wheat plants
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Material and Methods
6.2.1 Experimental conditions
6.2.2 Drought and salinity treatments
6.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
6.2.4 Statistical analysis
6.3 Result
6.3.1 Soil water dynamics
6.3.2 Shoot length and leaf area
6.3.3 Leaf and root water potential
6.3.4 ABA concentrations in leaf and root tissues
6.3.5 An,gs and WUEint
6.3.6 Plant biomass,water consumption,WUE_p andδ~(13)C
6.3.7 Leaf N concentration and accumulation
6.4 Discussions
6.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 7:General conclusions and recommendations
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR'S RESUME
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]微咸水灌溉对土壤盐分和作物产量影响研究[J]. 逄焕成,杨劲松,严惠峻. 植物营养与肥料学报. 2004(06)
本文编号：3218006
【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】：130 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
CHAPTER 1:General introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Justification for the research problems
CHAPTER 2:Literature review
2.1 Effect of alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water on crop responses and the yield
2.1.1 Seed germination
2.1.2 Plant growth
2.1.3 Photosynthesis process and crop yield
2.1.4 Stomatal resistance
2.1.5 Chlorophyll content
2.2 Sodium and Potassium concentrations
2.2.1 Sodium(Na~+)
2.2.2 Potassium(K~+)
2.3 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on CWP
2.4 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on soil
2.4.1 Soil properties
2.4.2 Salt accumulation and salinization
2.5 Crop-water modeling in terms of crop yield and WUE
2.5.1 Performances of SALTMED model
2.5.2 Performances of Aquacrop model
CHAPTER 3:Sustaining yield of winter wheat under alternate irrigation using saline water at different growth stages:a case study in the NCP
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.2.1 Experimental site
3.2.2 Experimental treatments
3.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
3.2.4 Statistical analysis
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Soil water content and water consumptions
3.3.2 Soil p H and salinity development in the crop rootzone
3.3.3 Plant growth and yield
3.3.4 Na~+,K~+ concentrations and K~+:Na~+ ratio
3.3.5 Water productivity of winter wheat(WW)
3.4 Discussion
3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 4:Evaluating the performance of SALTMED model under alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water strategies to winter wheat in the NCP
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 The growing conditions and treatments
4.2.2 Experimental treatments and crop growing condition
4.2.3 Crop sampling and measurement
4.2.4 Description about SALTMED model and simulation
4.2.5 SALTMED model data requirement
4.2.6 Statistical indicators for validation
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Effect of the alternate irrigation on growth and yield of WW
4.3.2 Simulated biomass,grain yield and water productivity of WW
4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER 5:Soil salt accumulation and crop physiological responses of winter wheat to supplementary alternate irrigation with saline and fresh water at different crop growth stages in the NCP
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Site information
5.2.2 Treatments and growing conditions
5.2.3 Data collection,measurements and analyses
5.2.4 Simulation and validation
5.2.5 Statistical analysis
5.3 Result
5.3.1 Soil moisture content under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.2 Morphological responses of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.3 Physiological response of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.4 Soil salinity development pattern within the crop rootzone
5.3.5 Crop productions under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.3.6 Performance of SALTMED model under irrigated and rain-fed modes
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6:Co-occurrence of drought and salinity synergistically enhanced water use efficiency of wheat plants
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Material and Methods
6.2.1 Experimental conditions
6.2.2 Drought and salinity treatments
6.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
6.2.4 Statistical analysis
6.3 Result
6.3.1 Soil water dynamics
6.3.2 Shoot length and leaf area
6.3.3 Leaf and root water potential
6.3.4 ABA concentrations in leaf and root tissues
6.3.5 An,gs and WUEint
6.3.6 Plant biomass,water consumption,WUE_p andδ~(13)C
6.3.7 Leaf N concentration and accumulation
6.4 Discussions
6.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 7:General conclusions and recommendations
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR'S RESUME
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]微咸水灌溉对土壤盐分和作物产量影响研究[J]. 逄焕成,杨劲松,严惠峻. 植物营养与肥料学报. 2004(06)
本文编号：3218006
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