水稻雨养低地条件下的产量、耐旱性和黄斑病抗性的同步改良及其遗传解析

发布时间：2022-11-01 19:02

　　通过育种改良多重性状是雨养低地生态系统（Lowland）下持续提高水稻产量最为可行的选择之一。中国农业科学院水稻分子育种与分子遗传实验室与国际水稻研究所联合开展穿梭育种项目培育新的广适性材料,希望打破目前雨养低地生态系统下的水稻产量瓶颈。这个计划利用多个供体亲本和大规模回交导入的方法将新基因导入优异骨干品种,可以得到大量具备产量潜力的育种群体,用于评价多种生物和非生物胁迫抗性。本研究对5个抗草稻1号（WTR1）的BC1F3导入系群体评价了其在雨养低地生态系统下的适应性。主要目标性状是高产、耐旱和黄斑病毒（RYMV）抗性;在灌溉和胁迫条件下均以籽粒产量作为选择的重要指标。通过大田间的干旱胁迫和灌溉条件,共筛选到65个入选株系表现抗RYMV并且比轮回亲本表现高产,其中包括干旱条件下34个,灌溉条件下31个。入选株系的后代测验在巴加莫约（BM,坦桑尼亚）、北京（BJ,旱棚）和海南（HN,雨养低地）三个地点进行:其中,在BM的RYMV抗性后代鉴定采用苗期人工接种致病性最强的S4菌株来进行;在BM、BJ和HN都考察了大田灌溉和干旱胁迫条件下的产量组分。考虑到环境因素,研究采用相对严格的选择标准,... 

【文章页数】：137 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
CHAPTER 1 General Introduction
    1.1 Introduction
        1.1.1 Research aims and objectives
    1.2 Literature review
        1.2.1 Rice environments and cropping systems
        1.2.2 Rice domestication and classification
        1.2.3 Evolution of grain yield improvement in rice
        1.2.4 The current understanding of the genetic and molecular controls of grain yield in rice
        1.2.5 Breeding strategies to break the glass ceiling of grain yield
        1.2.6 Influence of functional genomic tools on plant breeding for crop improvement
        1.2.7 Breeding for high yield and multiple stress tolerance
        1.2.8 Trends in Rice production across the world
    1.3. Scope and outline of the thesis
CHAPTER 2 Methodology
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Technical route
    2.3 Source of breeding materials
    2.4 Characteristics of target population environment (TPE)
    2.5 Screening for drought tolerance and RYMV resistance in target population environment
    2.6 Progeny testing experiments
    2.7 Screening for WTR1 Introgession lines for resistance to RYMV
    2.8 Genotyping of the WTR1 ILs
CHAPTER 3 Genetic Variability, trait Heritability, Associations, and Path Coefficient Analysis onYield and Yield component traits
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Methodology
        3.2.1 Study materials
        3.2.2 Methods
        3.2.3 Data analysis
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 Genetic variation and Performance of the 65 ILs under WTR1 background
        3.3.2 Genetic variation and phenotypic characteristics of the yield component traits
        3.3.3 Heritability of the yield component traits under variable water regimes
        3.3.4 Association between high grain yield and yield component traits under variable water regimes
        3.3.5 Path coefficient analysis for direct and indirect effects of nine yield component traits on grain yield
        3.3.6 Selection of promising ILs
        3.3.7 Pyramid crosses of the WTR1 ILs for high grain yield and multiple trait tolerance
        3.3.8 screening of F2 progeny for drought tolerance at reproductive stage
    3.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 Connotation of RYMV resistance on high grain yield traits in rice
    4.1 Introduction
        4.1.1 Natural resistance
    4.2 Methodology
        4.2.1 Materials
        4.2.2 Methods
        4.2.3 Molecular screening for the RYMV1 gene resistance to RYMV
        4.2.4 QTL analysis
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 Response of WTR1 ILs to RYMV S4 strain
        4.3.2 Evaluation of gene resistance to RYMV contained in the identified 39 ILs
        4.3.3 Association of RYMV resistance QTL with high grain Yield QTL under irrigation and drought conditions
        4.3.4 Collocation between RYMV QTL and High grain yield QTL
    4.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 5 The genes and QTL for yield under Multiple Biotic and abiotic stress
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Methodology
        5.2.1 Materials
        5.2.2 Data analysis
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Lead SNP (genes/QTL) with significant association with yield component traits
        5.3.2 Overlapping lead SNPs (Genes/QTL) for various yield component traits
    5.4 Conclusion
Overall conclusion and recommendation
    6.1 General conclusions
    6.2 Recommendations
References
Acknowlegments
Biographical scketch of the author


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期刊论文
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