玉米（Zea mays L.）与大豆（Glycine max）不同间作模式的资源利用率及饲草产量与饲料品质的研究

发布时间：2023-05-31 21:02

　　间作种植是农业生产中重要种植模式,与单作种植模式相比,间作种植有利于资源利用率及作物生产水平的提高。玉米与间作豆科作物也有助于青贮饲料粗蛋白水平的增加。玉米间作豆科作物通过优化种植结构、增加生物多样性,进而提高大田种植效率,最终实现综合效果显著超过单作模式。粮豆间作模式可以改善大田资源环境,如光照条件,土壤水分和温度,减少病虫害损失,抑制杂草生长,降低生产风险,增加农民收入。另外,通过玉米间作大豆作物,又可以增加饲草产量、改善饲料品种,提高土壤肥力。因此,研究玉米-大豆不同间作模式的资源利用效率以及饲草产量和青贮饲料品质变化规律对实现农牧结合具有重要的理论指导价值。论文采用裂区完全随机区组设计,设五个处理,研究了玉米-大豆不同间作种植模式光、水资源的变化特征,以及饲草产量及青贮饲料的营养成分变化规律。研究结果表明:玉米与大豆间作模式可以显着增加鲜生物量和干物质生产,实现资源利用效率提高,如光合有效辐射(PAR)和土壤水分。玉米与大豆间作可以降低由于玉米生长不佳,大豆叶片衰老期间漏光率。,提高光合利用效率。玉米与大豆间作对土壤温度和土壤含水量也有显著影响。五种处理所制作的青贮饲料,醚提取...

【文章页数】：92 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter I INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Maize
        1.1.1 History and Origin
        1.1.2 Botany and Ecology
        1.1.3 Socio-Economic Importance
    1.2 Soybean
        1.2.1 History and Origin
        1.2.2 Botany and Ecology
        1.2.3 Socio-Economic Importance
    1.3 Intercropping
        1.3.1 Types of Intercropping
        1.3.2 Cereal-Legume Intercropping
        1.3.3 Advantages of Legumes in Intercropping
        1.3.4 Intercropping and Resource Utilization
        1.3.5 Assessing Yield Advantages of Intercropping
        1.3.6 Agronomic Importance of Intercropping
        1.3.7 Plant Density, Spacing and Spatial Arrangement in Cropping System
    1.4 Silage
        1.4.1 Silage Making
        1.4.2 Ensiling
    1.5 Proximate Analysis
    1.6 Objectives
    1.7 Research Route
Chapter II MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Description of Experimental Site
    2.2 Description of the Experimental Materials
    2.3 Treatments and Experimental Design
    2.4 Experimental Procedures
        2.4.1 Plant Cultivation and Fodder Production
        2.4.2 Silage Preparation
    2.5 Soil Sampling and Analysis
    2.6 Data Collection and Analysis
        2.6.1 Plant Height (cm) at Harvest
        2.6.2 Measurement
        2.6.3 Botanical Composition
        2.6.4 Green Fodder Yield
        2.6.5 Dry Matter Yield
        2.6.6 Crude Protein Yield
    2.7 Determination of Nutrient Composition
    2.8 Statistical Analysis
Chapter III RESULTS
    3.1 Different Cropping System on Resource Consumption
        3.1.1 PAR Interception
        3.1.2 LAI
        3.1.3 Soil Temperature
        3.1.4 Soil Moisture Content
    3.2 Yield Components
        3.2.1 Botanical Composition
        3.2.2 Plant Height
        3.2.3 Fresh Biomass Yield
        3.2.4 Dry Matter Yield
        3.2.5 Crude Protein Yield
        3.2.6 Land Equivalent Ratio (LER)
        3.2.7 Grain Yield
    3.3 Proximate and Mineral Composition
        3.3.1 Nutrient Composition of Fodder
        3.3.2 Fermentation Quality of Silages
        3.3.3 Forage and Silage Proximate and Mineral Composition
Chapter IV DISCUSSIONS
    4.1 Effect of Different Cropping System on Resource Consumption
    4.2 Agronomic Parameters
    4.3 Proximate and Nutrients Composition of Forage and Silages
Chapter V OVERALL CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH



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