基于虚拟演练的化工应急预案培训与考评系统研究与设计

发布时间：2017-12-26 19:23

本文关键词：基于虚拟演练的化工应急预案培训与考评系统研究与设计　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着化工行业的快速发展,化工安全生产事故屡有发生,造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。政府和企业对此高度重视,制定了一系列应急预案并组织人员进行应急预案演练。实地演练受人员、场地、时间等因素限制,难以经常性开展。演练实施过程中会因为参与机会少而导致参演人员不能得到很好地锻炼。演练结束之后对于演练结果的评价,也会因为演练人员所处的环境和应急任务不同而主观性太强,缺乏科学的定量分析。针对以上问题,本文提出了基于虚拟演练的预案培训与考评系统。该系统提供了化工事故应急救援演练仿真过程,使用者通过参与虚拟演练可以了解应急预案流程并学习应急救援相关知识。同时,系统还对应急演练整体效果和演练个人的表现情况进行评价,一方面帮助人员发现应急能力不足之处,另一方面也可以对预案有效性进行验证。首先,本文研究了分布式联机环境下应急演练仿真所涉及到的方法、技术和关键问题。本文设计了三阶段预案培训方法,并通过流程管理、时间管理、场景管理以及实体管理实现了应急演练仿真管理。基于航位预测法和兴趣区域管理,提出了将网络延时因素作为反馈参数,动态调整阈值大小的方法,有效地解决了扩展性问题。其次,提出了虚拟应急演练的综合评估体系。该体系以虚拟演练过程数据为基础对演练进行定量分析,既可以对演练整体进行评估,也可以对演练个人行为进行评价。最后,对上述方法和机制进行整合,设计实现了预案培训与考评系统。本文研究并设计的预案培训与考评系统已经应用于某石化企业。应用结果表明,该系统可以帮助企业员工快速掌握应急预案内容,系统考核评价结果可以让演练人员准确发现不足,也能很好地验证预案合理性,具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of chemical industry, accidents of chemical safety production have occurred frequently, causing serious casualties and property losses. The government and enterprises attach great importance to this, set up a series of emergency plans and organize personnel to carry out emergency plan exercises. Field training is limited by factors such as personnel, site, time and other factors, and it is difficult to carry out frequently. In the process of practice, the participants can not get a good exercise due to the lack of participation opportunities. After training, the evaluation of drill results will also be too subjective because of the environment and emergency tasks of drills, and lack of scientific quantitative analysis. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward a training and evaluation system based on virtual practice. The system provides a simulation process for chemical accident emergency rescue drill. Users can understand the emergency plan process and learn relevant knowledge of emergency rescue through participating in virtual drill. At the same time, the system also evaluates the overall effect of emergency drills and individual performance. On the one hand, it helps people find deficiencies in emergency capability, and on the other hand, it can verify the effectiveness of plans. First, this paper studies the methods, techniques and key problems involved in the simulation of emergency rehearsal in the distributed online environment. This paper designs the three stage plan training method, and realizes the emergency rehearsal simulation management through the process management, the time management, the scene management and the entity management. Position prediction method and the area of interest management based on the network delay factors as feedback parameters, the size of the dynamic threshold method, effectively solves the scalability problem. Secondly, the comprehensive evaluation system of virtual emergency rehearsal is put forward. Based on the data of virtual drill process, the system performs quantitative analysis for drilling, which can evaluate both the whole exercise and individual behavior. Finally, the method and mechanism are integrated, and the training and evaluation system of the plan is designed and realized. The pre plan training and evaluation system designed in this paper has been applied to a petrochemical enterprise. The application results show that the system can help employees quickly grasp the contents of emergency plans, and the results of system assessment can make the drill personnel find the deficiencies accurately, and also verify the reasonableness of the plans well, which has important practical significance and application value.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.9;F426.7

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