节能减排约束下中国电力行业的全要素生产率研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 20:27

本文选题：碳排放 + 全要素生产率　；参考：《天津财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：面对极端天气的频繁出现,雾霾和沙尘暴已是常态。中国经济的发展和环境已产生了尖锐的矛盾。中国煤炭资源的燃烧排放了大量二氧化碳等温室气体,这其中又以火力发电消耗的煤炭资源占比最大,超过了70%。我国电力行业是典型的高污染和高耗能的产业,通过分析碳排放约束下我国电力行业全要素生产率,对电力行业产业政策的制定提供一定的借鉴意义。论文首先分析我国电力行业的背景和研究意义,梳理了国内外关于电力行业全要素生产率的文献综述。第二部分列举了现代四种发电方式,并说明其优缺点和我国电力现况。探究了中国电力行业节能减排因素,分别为产业政策、资本和技术。第三部分对全要素进行了定义,并对四个因子的含义进行初步说明。第四部分介绍了Malmquist指数和Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数相关概念,并通过数学公式推导说明将其分为全要素生产率纯效率变化(GPEC)、纯技术进步(GPTC)、技术规模变化(GSTC)和规模效率变化(GSEC)等四种因子。第五部分通过运用GML指数对中国电力行业全要素生产率进行了实证分析,并将产出分为期望产出和非期望产出两大类,非期望产出为电力行业的碳排放量。得出结论：中国电力行业主要靠技术推动,中国三大地区的电力行业平均全要素生产率差距比较大。第六部分,由实证部分提出相关的政策建议,并对研究中的不足进行了说明和形成结论。论文主要通过运用Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数对碳约束下中国电力行业的全要素进行实证分析,研究结果表明现阶段中国东部地区需要较多使用清洁能源,中西部则更需要提高电力行业的技术和管理水平,从而改变中国电力行业环境污染和能源紧缺的局面。
[Abstract]:Haze and sandstorms are the norm in the face of frequent extreme weather. China's economic development and environment have produced sharp contradictions. The burning of coal in China emits a lot of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, of which thermal power consumption is the largest, at more than 70. The electric power industry of our country is a typical industry with high pollution and high energy consumption. By analyzing the total factor productivity (TFP) of the electric power industry under the restriction of carbon emissions, this paper provides a certain reference for the formulation of the industrial policy of the electric power industry. Firstly, the paper analyzes the background and research significance of the electric power industry in China, and summarizes the literature about the total factor productivity of the electric power industry at home and abroad. In the second part, four modern generation modes are listed, their advantages and disadvantages and the current situation of power generation in China are explained. This paper explores the factors of energy saving and emission reduction in China's electric power industry, including industrial policy, capital and technology. The third part defines the whole factor and explains the meaning of the four factors. The fourth part introduces the related concepts of Malmquist index and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index, and points out that they are divided into four factors: total factor productivity (TFP), pure technological progress (TFP), technological scale change (GSTC) and scale efficiency change (GST). In the fifth part, we use GML index to analyze the total factor productivity of power industry in China, and divide the output into two categories: expected output and non-expected output, which is the carbon emission of power industry. The conclusion is that the power industry in China is mainly driven by technology, and the average total factor productivity (TFP) gap in the three regions of China is relatively large. The sixth part, from the empirical part of the relevant policy recommendations, and the shortcomings of the study were explained and concluded. This paper mainly uses Global Malmquist-Luenberger index to analyze the whole factors of China's power industry under carbon constraint. The results show that the eastern region of China needs to use more clean energy at the present stage. The central and western regions need to improve the technology and management of the power industry, thus changing the situation of environmental pollution and energy shortage in China's power industry.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.61

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