碳税政策下建筑生命周期成本和碳排放优化研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 08:07

【摘要】：温室气体的排放引起全球气候变暖已是不争的事实,碳税政策作为一种能够有效控制全球变暖的温室气体减排政策近年来备受关注。建筑领域的相关活动产生了大量温室气体,碳税政策的实施将使得温室气体排放这一环境外部成本转化为企业的内部成本,从而建筑生命周期成本大幅度增加。基于此,本文对碳税政策下建筑生命周期成本和碳排放进行优化研究。本文首先对国内外相关碳税政策、建筑生命周期成本和建筑生命周期碳排放的最新研究成果进行回顾与综述,在此基础上界定出碳税政策下建筑生命周期成本与碳排放优化研究这一问题。其次,在生命周期评价理论的基础上,把建筑生命周期划分成四个阶段:建材生产、建造施工、运行维护和拆除处置,并针对每一个阶段建立了相应的碳排放核算模型;以此为基础,结合碳税政策,将建筑生命周期碳排放这一环境外部性成本转化为碳排放成本,构建了本文的建筑生命周期成本体系,共包括两大部分:传统建筑生命周期成本和碳排放成本,然后对二者的估算方法进行了阐述。最后,分析建筑生命周期成本和碳排放二者优化的驱动因素和优化目标,再结合已有研究成果,运用粒子群优化算法对建筑生命周期成本和碳排放进行优化,提出了基于粒子群优化算法的建筑生命周期成本和碳排放优化模型,并用实例验证了其可行性。本文以碳税政策为基础,将建筑生命周期成本和碳排放结合起来进行优化研究,不仅可以充实建筑领域碳减排的相关理论,也为建筑领域实施碳税政策进行了探索,为建筑低碳化、节能化提供了新思路,而且也为建筑及其相关产业的健康有序发展提供了一定地参考。
[Abstract]:It is an indisputable fact that greenhouse gas emissions cause global warming. As a kind of greenhouse gas emission reduction policy which can effectively control global warming, carbon tax policy has attracted much attention in recent years. Based on this, this paper optimizes the construction life cycle cost and carbon emissions under the carbon tax policy. Firstly, this paper reviews the latest research results of domestic and foreign carbon tax policies, construction life cycle cost and construction life cycle carbon emissions. Secondly, on the basis of life cycle assessment theory, the life cycle of buildings is divided into four stages: building materials production, construction, operation, maintenance and removal, and corresponding carbon emissions are established for each stage. Based on this model and carbon tax policy, this paper transforms the environmental externality cost of building life cycle carbon emissions into carbon emissions cost, and constructs the life cycle cost system of building, which consists of two parts: the traditional life cycle cost of building and the carbon emission cost. Finally, the driving factors and optimization objectives of building life cycle cost and carbon emissions are analyzed, and combined with the existing research results, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the building life cycle cost and carbon emissions. An optimization model of building life cycle cost and carbon emissions based on particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed, and an example is given. Based on the carbon tax policy, this paper combines the life cycle cost of construction with carbon emission to optimize the research. It can not only enrich the relevant theory of carbon emission reduction in the construction field, but also explore the implementation of carbon tax policy in the construction field. It provides a new idea for building low-carbon and energy-saving, and also for building and It provides a reference for the healthy and orderly development of related industries.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.92

【参考文献】