WTO稀土案败诉背景下的我国稀土行业效率提升路径研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 16:05

【摘要】：由于WTO稀土案败诉,我国稀土行业迫切需要实现产业升级,引导稀土产业链由资源开采的前端领域向研发高端应用产品的后端跨越,在此过程中,追逐利润使行业效率最大化是核心驱动力。为了找出一条提升稀土行业效率的具体路径,保证行业顺利开展产业升级,本文建立DEA模型,从产业链视角研究稀土行业前端企业与后端企业2007~2013年的效率,考察国有股权比例对效率的影响,并对投入指标做了投影分析,考察2013年稀土企业资源投入的冗余程度。结果表明,稀土行业纯技术效率普遍偏低,后端效率的变动受前端不稳定发展的影响较大;国有股权高度集中的企业效率优势更加明显;目前大部分稀土企业的资产投入浪费严重。针对研究结果,提出几点建议:一是必须在稀土产品研发的关键创新领域加大投入,加大对后端技术投入强度时应同时提高技术投入的效用;二是有计划地将国有股权注入产业链后端,引导国有企业在后端形成产业龙头;三是对行业的资产投入规模进行适量的缩减,尤其减少低端产品的固定资产投入比例和企业的负债比例。
[Abstract]:Because of the defeat of WTO rare earth case, China's rare earth industry urgently needs to realize industrial upgrading, leading the rare earth industry chain to leap from the front end of resource exploitation to the rear end of developing high-end application products. The pursuit of profit maximizes the efficiency of the industry is the core driving force. In order to find out a specific way to improve the efficiency of rare earth industry and ensure the industry to upgrade smoothly, this paper establishes a DEA model to study the efficiency of front-end and back-end enterprises in rare earth industry from 2007 to 2013 from the perspective of industry chain. This paper investigates the effect of the proportion of state-owned equity on the efficiency, and makes projection analysis on the input index to investigate the redundancy of the resource input of rare earth enterprises in 2013. The results show that the pure technical efficiency of rare earth industry is generally low, the change of back-end efficiency is greatly affected by the unstable development of front-end, and the efficiency advantage of enterprises with high concentration of state-owned equity is more obvious. At present, most rare earth enterprises' assets are wasted seriously. In view of the research results, some suggestions are put forward: first, we must increase the investment in the key innovation field of rare earth product research and development, and increase the utility of the technical input when increasing the intensity of the backend technology input; The second is to systematically inject state-owned equity into the back end of the industrial chain to guide state-owned enterprises to form the industrial leader in the back-end; and third, to reduce the investment scale of the industry's assets in a moderate amount. In particular, reduce the proportion of low-end products investment in fixed assets and corporate debt ratio.
【作者单位】：江西理工大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目(11AJL006) 江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2014-S375)
【分类号】：F752.02;F426

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