道德进步的途径——罗蒂论偶然性与道德

发布时间：2018-02-01 19:30

本文关键词： 罗蒂道德普遍主义偶然性　出处：《道德与文明》2013年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：罗蒂区分了人们思考道德问题的两种不同方式:一种是从柏拉图到康德所坚持的理性普遍主义路线,认为人类道德必须奠定在一个非历史的、永恒的理性原则之上,道德进步的过程就是人的理性能力不断增加的过程;另一种则倾向于走情感路线,认为在道德问题上应诉诸情感而不是理性,把道德进步看作是一项增进人的敏感性的事业,即能够对越来越多的人和事进行更好的反应。罗蒂力图通过对第一种道德路线的批判和对偶然性的阐释表明:在当代的智识语境中后一种道德立场更为可取,也更有助于推动社会道德的进步。但他在指出理性道德路线难以避免空洞化和实践危害的同时,也没能对自己所坚持的立场一旦具体化时所存在的问题进行深入思考。
[Abstract]:Rorty distinguishes between two different ways in which people think about morality: one is the rational universalism that Plato and Kant adhere to, which holds that human morality must be laid in a non-historical way. On the basis of eternal rational principle, the process of moral progress is the process of increasing human's rational ability. On the other hand, it tends to follow the emotional line, which should appeal to emotion rather than reason on moral issues, and regard moral progress as a cause to enhance the sensitivity of human beings. By criticizing the first moral line and explaining contingency, Rorty tries to show that the latter moral position is preferable in the contemporary intellectual context. But he pointed out that the rational moral line is difficult to avoid emptiness and practical harm at the same time. Nor can he think deeply about the problems that exist when his position is concretized.
【作者单位】：河南师范大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：河南师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(11104)
【分类号】：B82-09
【正文快照】： 理查德·罗蒂因推崇解构和大力批判柏拉图—康德的道德哲学传统而常被其美国同行指责为自鸣得意的或不负责任的知识分子,并认为他的著述正在削弱年轻一代的道德品质。面对这种指责,罗蒂自称很心痛,认为指责者依然沿着道德形而上学的思维传统来理解道德问题,完全忽视了他在道

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