环境伦理学视野中的可持续发展

发布时间：2016-11-07 19:49

  本文关键词：环境伦理学视野中的可持续发展，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

环境伦理学视野中的可持续发展

     2009-7-23 11:50:30     来源：     

　　论文标题环境伦理学视野中的可持续发展
Sustainable Development in Environmental Ethics" Field of Vision
论文作者高志友
论文导师罗映光；周世祥,论文学位硕士,论文专业科学技术哲学
论文单位成都理工大学,点击次数0,论文页数65页File Size2667k
2002-05-01可持续发展;环境伦理学;环境伦理;环境道德境界
sustainable development; environmental ethics; environmental ethic; state of environmental ethic
20世纪以来，人类陷入全球性的生态危机，使发展面临不可持续的严重威胁。基于对生态危机的深层反思，人类提出了可持续发展的战略思想。 可持续发展强调环境、社会、经济的协调发展，它不仅需要政策、技术措施及其指标的实施和法律、法规的保障，更需要一个内在的道德文化机制的导引。这个内在机制就是环境伦理的思想。自20世纪30年代以来，西方的环境伦理理论不断拓展其伦理疆界，把道德关怀的对象从人扩展到动物、生物及生态系统，主张人类应该承认自然的道德权利。这无疑对环境保护和伦理学的发展都具有极重要的意义。但由于各派的分歧较多，缺乏统一的范式，使公众无所适从。本文在分析、肯定现有的西方环境伦理理论合理成分的同时，指出它们存在的缺陷和不足，并将其合理内核与中国古代环境伦理思想加以整合，建立起一套人与自然和谐统一的开放的，相对完善的可持续发展环境伦理体系。这套伦理体系把人类的环境伦理思想归结为由低到高的三个境界：人本主义境界、生物平等境界、生态整体境界，并以此作为可持续发展的伦理基础。 从这一理论的角度，通过对可持续发展的内涵及其自身矛盾的分析，探讨了“可持续”与“发展”能否兼容以及何以兼容的问题。在可持续发展的实践问题上，提出了相应的环境伦理的原则(人与自然的和谐原则、环境公正原则、可持续性原则、共同性原则)和具体的行为规范(清洁生产、合理开发和利用自然资源、合理消费、控制人口、维护和平)，并针对不同的行为主体，提出了不同的伦理要求。可持续发展离不开科学技术的支持，本文在分析了科学技术的双重性的基础上指出应当善用科学技术，发展适用于可持续发展的绿色科技，把科学技术的应用所带来的环境的伤害降低到最小。
Since the 20th century, the development of mankind has being threatened because of the global ecological crisis. Based on the deep rethinking of that, mankind put forward the strategic theory of sustainable development.Sustainable development emphasizes the harmonious development of environment, society and economy. It needs not only the realization of policy, technological measures, targets and guarantee of laws, but also the guidance of inherent mechanism of moral and culture. This mechanism is the environmental ethics. Since 1930, western environmental ethics has expanded its ethical objects from man to animal, creature, eco-system, as well as advocated to admit the other species" moral rights. This doubtlessly has great significance to the environmental protection and the improvement of ethics. But that also makes people confused because of the disputes between different schools. This paper analyzed the environmental ethics of present west and affirmed their reasonable parts of idea as well as pointed out their shortcomings. Furthermore, based on integrating the environmental ethics of present west and ancient China, the thesis constructed an open and relatively complete system of environmental ethics that is regarded as the ethical basis of the sustainable development strategy. The theory summed up the man"s environmental ethic to three realms from the low level to high: humanism, creature-equality and eco-centralism.From the view of this theory, the paper discussed the problem of if "sustainability" and "development" are compatible and how they can get compatible. Concerning about the realization of sustainable development strategy, the author put forward some fundamental principles and primary regulations of environmental ethics that gave different ethical requirements to different behavior subjects. Because the realization of sustainable development strategy depends on the improvement of science and technology to the minimum, we should promote the "green technology" which is applicable to the sustainable development strategy.

  本文关键词：环境伦理学视野中的可持续发展，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

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