20世纪80年代中国人道主义思潮研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 00:30

  本文选题：20世纪80年代 + 人道主义思潮　； 参考：《黑龙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：本文通过对人道主义思想发展进程的梳理和阐述,尝试解析人道主义在西方和中国的存在、发展状态、生成逻辑以及基本观点。就西方来说,从古希腊、古罗马的萌芽状态到流行于欧洲各国的文艺复兴、启蒙运动、空想社会主义、人本主义诸阶段,人道主义的内涵外延不断丰富积累、发展演变,最终成为较成熟的体系化理论。这个进程展示出人道主义思潮在西方发展的历史性、动态性、多源性、民族性和地域性特征,揭示了其在西方(主要是欧洲)各国不同历史时期逐渐积累组合而成的生长事实。同样,中国传统人道主义思想的发展过程也呈现出类似的样态。当然,中国传统人道主义的发展成长具有较明显的连续性和单一源头(主要是历代中国先哲的思想)的特征,其成长也是一个历史的积累过程,也具有动态性、民族性、地域性特征。在内涵和外延上,西方与中国的人道主义精神相比较存在着唯心主义和唯物主义、个人主义和集体主义等侧重点不同的分歧,也有强调人性和人的价值、尊重人的价值、高扬人的地位、反对神性等方面的共同性。本文在对西方和中国人道主义思潮发展过程的比较阐述中,得出了作为人类主要文明组成的西方和中国的人道主义双线发展、共同构建人类人道主义的结论,进而提出了广义上的人道主义思考维度,明确了我国人道主义思想的价值和意义。在以上基本理论观点和视域下,本文在分析20世纪80年代中国人道主义思潮的过程中,对这一思潮发生发展的起因、影响因素、背景做了叙述和分析,展现了中国人道主义思潮发生的国际环境,明晰了其在国际格局下的位置和形态。在此基础上,本文对中国人道主义思潮发生发展的内部环境和发展过程进行了梳理并予以研判,同时也对这场争论的积极影响和成果,争论的特点和局限性做了探讨和评价,对当时争论中有关马克思主义和人道主义的关系、异化问题、人道主义的内涵和外延、普遍的人性与阶级性等问题的争论情况进行了厘清。本文认为,这场思潮促成了中国学术领域探索的理论自觉,开辟了中国学术研究新领域,具有引发我国社会思想解放和推动社会主义人道主义、主体性、人学乃至以人为本理念等新理论增长点的生发和超越人道主义理论框架的积极意义和理论价值。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to analyze the existence, development state, generative logic and basic viewpoints of humanitarianism in the West and China by combing and expounding the course of the development of humanitarianism thought. As far as the West is concerned, from the budding state of ancient Greece and Rome to the stages of Renaissance, Enlightenment, utopian socialism and humanism, the connotation and extension of humanitarianism has been continuously enriched and accumulated and developed and evolved. Finally, it becomes a more mature theory of systematization. This process shows the historical, dynamic, multi-source, national and regional characteristics of the development of humanitarianism in the West, and reveals the growing facts of its gradual accumulation and combination in different historical periods in the West (mainly in Europe). Similarly, the development process of Chinese traditional humanitarianism thought also presents the similar appearance. Of course, the development and growth of Chinese traditional humanitarianism has the characteristics of obvious continuity and single source (mainly the thought of ancient Chinese sages), and its growth is also a historical accumulation process, and also has a dynamic and national character. Regional characteristics In terms of connotation and extension, there are differences between the western and Chinese humanitarianism spirit with different emphases, such as idealism and materialism, individualism and collectivism, and there are also differences that emphasize human nature and human value and respect human values. Raise the status of people, oppose divinity and other aspects of the commonality. In this paper, the author compares the development process of humanitarianism in the West and China, and draws the conclusion that the humanitarianism of the West and China, which is the main component of human civilization, is developed along the two lines, and the humanitarianism is constructed together. Then it puts forward the dimension of humanitarianism thinking in a broad sense, and clarifies the value and significance of the humanitarianism thought in our country. On the basis of the above basic theories and perspectives, this paper, in the course of analyzing the trend of Chinese humanitarianism in the 1980s, narrates and analyses the causes, influencing factors and background of the development of this trend of thought. It shows the international environment of Chinese humanitarianism, and clarifies its position and form under the international structure. On this basis, this paper combs and judges the internal environment and development process of the development of Chinese humanitarianism, at the same time discusses and evaluates the positive influence and achievements, the characteristics and limitations of the controversy. This paper clarifies the controversy about the relationship between Marxism and humanitarianism, alienation, the connotation and extension of humanitarianism, the universal humanity and class nature. This article holds that this trend of thought has promoted the theoretical consciousness of the exploration of the academic field in China, opened up a new field of academic research in China, and has initiated the emancipation of our social ideology and the promotion of socialist humanitarianism and subjectivity. The positive significance and theoretical value of the new theoretical growth point of humanism and beyond the framework of humanitarianism.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-061
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本文编号：1789653