论当前我国社区矫正制度的完善与展望

发布时间：2018-01-02 06:40

本文关键词：论当前我国社区矫正制度的完善与展望　出处：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社区矫正制度在我国是近几年才施行的新兴制度。通过近年来的试行,社区矫正工作发展迅速,矫正试行范围不断扩大,矫正人数不断增长。从其定位来看,社区矫正制度是与监禁刑罚相对应的刑罚执行制度,是以非监禁的形式代替原有的监禁刑,执行刑罚措施。但在试行过程中,立法与实践中还是存在不少争议。本文从笔者工作实践出发,对现下社区矫正制度进行分析、研究,并对有关制度的完善提出自己的建议。本文共分为三章,具体内容为: 第一章主要是社区矫正制度的概述。第一节首先简要介绍了社区矫正制度的基本概念,即何谓社区矫正。笔者首先以社区的概念入手,对社区概念进行一定介绍。由于世界各国对于社区矫正制度的认识和发展程度不尽相同,因此对社区矫正制度概念的解释和阐述也各不相同。从主要学说来看,社区矫正的概念可分为广义说和狭义说,我国目前采用的是狭义说社区矫正概念,即规定社区矫正是与监禁矫正相对的行刑方式,是指将符合社区矫正条件的罪犯置于社区内,由专门的国家机关在相关社会团体和民间组织以及社会志愿者的协助下,在判决、裁定或决定确定的期限内,矫正其犯罪心理和行为恶习,并促进其顺利回归社会的非监禁刑罚执行活动。第二节对社区矫正制度在世界主要国家的历史、发展进行介绍。第三节则对社区矫正的基本理念和价值定位作阐述,由此,我们可以发现正是基于其惩教结合,尊重人权、体现刑法谦抑精神的基本理念和价值取向,社区矫正制度能在世界各国法制历史进程中始终据有一席之地,一直发展和创新,也正因此,在我国转变刑事司法理念、践行宽严相济刑事司法政策的今天,社区矫正制度显得尤为引人注目,受到越来越多人关注和讨论。但是从我国目前社区矫正的试行情况来看,仍存在不少问题,值得我们引起注意,加以改进。因此第二章开始,笔者结合自身的工作实际就我国现行的社区矫正制度中存在问题进行分析,并尝试提出一定解决办法。从我国现行社区矫正制度上看,主要存在以下几大部分的问题:第一,法律依据的缺位,体现在实际执行中,缺乏明确、详细的操作细则;第二,执行主体的定位不明,法律、法规对于社区矫正执行主体的规定不尽相同;第三,矫正范围规制不合理;第四,社区矫正制度发展中存在的问题:首先,各地的社区矫正规范不一,发展不平衡;其次,社区矫正从业人员执法水平参差不齐,社区矫正队伍亟待规范和提高执法水平;再次,虽然社区矫正已经试行几年,但受传统刑事法律思想影响,民众与司法机关对社区矫正的认识还存在偏差;最后,矫正内容过于简单化,重监管轻教育。随后,笔者就前文所提出的存在问题提出一些解决对策。笔者认为可以从以下几个方面入手探索、解决之法:1、明确司法机关为社区矫正执行主体;2、增加程序性规定,保障社区矫正执行有法可依;3、建议以矫正对象户籍地为矫正地进行社区矫正;4、增设社区服务刑;5、设置刑罚易科制度;6、健全专业社区矫正队伍建设。第三章主要是对今后我国社区矫正制度的完善和发展进行展望和建议。结合社区矫正制度对劳动教养制度的改革进行分析。笔者认为劳动教养制度虽然在我国历史发展进程中发挥了巨大的作用,但随着时代的发展正受到前所未有的质疑和批评,因此有必要对其进行改革。结合实际工作,笔者认为应当将劳动教养分解化,一部分归入刑事法律调整,一部分由治安管理处罚法调整,另一部分科制定专门的法律调整,同时对调整后的监管人员及场所使用情况作一定分析。其次,结合社区矫正制度对一些特殊犯罪案件,如两怀妇女、未成年人犯罪,疑似艾滋病人犯罪行为的打击处理提出自己的观点。最后对社区矫正制度的立法模式提出自己的观点。
[Abstract]:The community correction system is a new system in recent years in our country. Through the implementation of the trial in recent years, the rapid development of community corrections work, try expanding the scope of correction, correction of the number is growing. From the positioning point of view, the system of community correction is corresponding with the imprisonment penalty execution system, is based on the non imprisonment instead of the original form of imprisonment, execution of punishment measures. But in the trial process, many disputes still exist in legislation and practice. This paper from the author's work practice, to the current community correction system for analysis, research, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the related system.
This article is divided into three chapters, and the specific contents are as follows:
The first chapter is an overview of the community correction system. The first section introduces the basic concept of community correction system, namely what is the community correction. The author firstly start with the concept of community, the concept of community must be introduced. Because the world community correction system for understanding and level of development is different, so the community correction the system concept explanation and elaboration are also different. From the main theory point of view, the concept of community correction can be divided into broad and narrow sense, our country is currently used in the narrow sense concept of community correction, namely the provisions of community correction is relative execution and prison correction, is to meet the conditions of community correction offenders in community in the special social groups in the relevant state organs and civil society organizations and volunteers, in the judgment, ruling or decision within the time limit, the correction of criminal The psychological and behavioral habits, and promote their successful return to society the non imprisonment penalty. The second section correction system of major countries in the world history of community development are introduced. The third section of the community correction of the basic concept and value orientation are elaborated, thus, we can find it is based on the combination with education, respect human rights, the basic idea and the value orientation of the restraining spirit of criminal law, the community correction system can always have a space for one person in the legal history of the world, has been the development and innovation, therefore, in the transformation of China's criminal justice practice, criminal justice policy today, the community correction system is particularly striking, by more and more attention and discussion.
But in China's current community correction system situation, there are still many problems worthy of our attention, to be improved. In the second chapter, the author on China's current problems in the community correction system analysis combined with their own work, and try to propose some solutions. From China's current community correction system look, the main problems of several parts: first, the absence of legal basis, lack of clear reflected in the actual implementation, and detailed rules for the operation; second, implementation of the main location is unknown, the law, regulations for the implementation of the main provisions of community corrections are not the same; third, the scope of regulation is unreasonable correction; fourth. The problems existing in the development of community correction system: first of all, around the community correction standards, development is not balanced; secondly, the community correction law enforcement practitioners uneven level of community correction The team needs to standardize and improve the level of law enforcement; thirdly, although community corrections have tried a few years, but by the ideological influence of the traditional criminal law, public and judicial deviation understanding of community correction; finally, correction is too simplistic, heavy light regulatory education. Then, the writer's earlier problems raised some countermeasures. I think we can start to explore from the following aspects: 1 solution, clear judicial organ for the implementation of community corrections subject; 2, increase the procedural rules, guarantee the implementation of the law of community correction; 3, recommended to correct the object domicile correction of community correction; 4, additional community service sentence; 5, setting the exchanged penalty system; 6, community corrections and improve professional ranks.
The third chapter is prospects and suggestions for improvement and development in the future of China's community correction system. With the community correction system reform of the system of reeducation through labor is analyzed. The author thinks that the system of reeducation through labor in China's historical development has played a huge role, but with the development of the times is questioned and criticized by the hitherto unknown therefore, it is necessary to reform. Combined with the actual work, I think that should be a part of the decomposition of reeducation through labor, in criminal law, a part of the public security administration law, also developed a special legal regulation, while the revised regulatory personnel and premises must analyze the use of second. And with the community correction system for some special crimes, such as the two pregnant women, minors crime, crimes against the suspected AIDS treatment are put forward Finally, it puts forward his own views on the legislative mode of the community correction system.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.8

【引证文献】