河源市未成年人犯罪案件的调查报告

发布时间：2018-01-19 04:19

本文关键词： 未成年人犯罪特点成因对策　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：未成年人是民族的希望、国家的未来，其健康成长事关国家的兴旺发达和亿万家庭的幸福。未成年人犯罪问题一直以来都是世界各国广泛关注的热点问题。如何有效预防和减少未成年人犯罪，挽救失足的未成年人，是我国少年司法制度必须研究的重要课题。为此，笔者对河源市检察机关2007年至2011年来查办的未成年人犯罪案件进行了详细统计和多角度分析，从中归纳总结出河源市未成年人犯罪的特点和规律，深入分析其发生的原因，并探讨从家庭、学校、社会、司法机关等方面采取相应的对策措施，以达到预防和减少未成年人犯罪的目的。本文分为四个部分: 第一部分阐述2007年至2011年河源市检察机关查办未成年人犯罪案件的基本情况，包括审查批捕、审查起诉的情况，分析未成年人犯罪的发展趋势，得出未成年人犯罪总体呈下降趋势的结论，并从刑事政策调整、经济社会发展、人大代表呼吁和司法机关努力等方面简要分析下降的原因。第二部分通过详细的数据分析，总结出河源市未成年人犯罪在主体、类型、行为方面的特点。包括在犯罪主体方面，犯罪年龄集中在已满16周岁不满18周岁之间，低龄化趋势明显；初中及以下文化程度占了绝大部分，文化程度普遍偏低；以农民和无业闲散人员居多，在校学生犯罪呈上升趋势；以本地未成年人作案为主，，外来人员占有一定的比例；以男性为主，女性犯罪呈曲折上升趋势；以初犯为主，重新犯罪率低的特点。在犯罪类型方面，犯罪类型呈现多样化，侵财性特征明显；涉网犯罪易发多发；毒品犯罪不容忽视；性犯罪占一定比例；涉黑犯罪值得关注的特点。在犯罪行为方面，犯罪方式的暴力性；犯罪结构的团伙性；犯罪手段成人化；作案时间、地点、对象的有选择性的特点。第三部分结合数据和典型案例，分析未成年人犯罪的原因，包括个体原因和社会原因。个体原因包括主观认知的偏差以及好胜、报复、逆反、无知、贪慕虚荣、好奇盲从等不良心理因素的影响。社会方面的原因包括在家庭方面，家庭结构不完善、家庭关系不和睦、父母有错误的教育观念和不良恶习、家庭经济困难的不良家庭环境和养而不教，放任自流型、教而不当，爱度失衡型、简单粗暴，误导子女型的不当家庭教育对未成年人的不良影响；在学校方面，重知识教育轻道德、法制、生理、心理教育、部分老师素质不高，没有善尽其职、学校与家长之间信息不畅通、学校及周边治安环境恶劣导致学校教育功能的弱化；在社会方面，社会转型带来的社会价值观变化、社会不良文化泛滥、网络的消极影响、文化程度低，就业困难、社会公共文化设施不足、社会管理力度不够对未成年人的消极影响。第四部分从社会预防和司法预防两个方面提出遏制和减少未成年人犯罪的对策和建议，包括采取注重家庭教育、完善学校教育和净化社会环境等措施来强化对未成年人犯罪的社会预防；结合新修改《刑事诉讼法》的内容，通过完善审查逮捕、社会调查、合适成年人参与、附条件不起诉、犯罪记录封存、社区矫正、工作衔接等机制，强化对未成年人的司法保护。
[Abstract]:The minor is the hope of the nation, the future of the country, the prosperity of the healthy growth of our country and hundreds of millions of family happiness. The problem of juvenile delinquency has always been a hot issue in the wide attention of the world. How to effectively prevent and reduce juvenile crime, save the minors, is an important research topic to the juvenile justice system in our country. Therefore, the procuratorial organs in Heyuan city in 2007 to 2011 to investigating the cases of juvenile delinquency are analyzed with statistics and multi angle, concludes the characteristics and rules of juvenile delinquency in Heyuan City, in-depth analysis of the causes, and to explore from the family, school, society, judicial organs and take corresponding measures, to prevent and reduce juvenile crime.
This article is divided into four parts:
The first part describes the basic situation of 2007 to 2011 of Heyuan City prosecutors investigating criminal cases of minors, including the examination and approval of arrest, prosecution, the development trend of the minor crime, the minor crime declined overall conclusion, and from the criminal policy adjustment, the economic and social development, causes a brief analysis of the deputies declined appeals and judicial organs efforts and so on.
The second part through the analysis of detailed data, summarized the Heyuan juvenile crime in the subject, type, characteristics of behavior. Included in the subject of crime, the crime has been concentrated in the age of over 16 years of age under 18 years of age, younger age was evident; junior middle school education level and below accounted for the majority, education level is generally low; farmers and unemployed are mostly college students crime is on the rise in juvenile crime; local, foreign workers occupy a certain proportion; predominantly male, female crime increased trend; in first, the characteristics of the low crime rate. In the type of crime, crime presents the usurpation of diversification. Features; network crime prone; drug crime can not be ignored; crime accounted for a certain proportion; the characteristics of the crimes of concern. In the crime, crime The violence of the way of crime; the gangs of the criminal structure; the adult of the crime; the time, the place and the object of the crime.
The third part of the combination of data and typical cases, the reasons for juvenile delinquency analysis, including individual reasons and social reasons. Individual reasons including subjective cognitive bias and aggressive, revenge, rebellious, ignorance, vanity, curious effect blindly and other adverse psychological factors. The social reasons included in the family, the family structure is not perfect, family relationship is not harmonious, parents have the wrong educational idea and bad habits, bad family environment, family economic difficulties and keep and do not teach, teach and let things drift type, improper love unbalance type, simple and rough, the adverse effects of improper family education for minors to mislead children type; in school, knowledge the moral education method, light, physiological, psychological education, teacher quality is not high, not good to do their job, between the school and the parents of information is not smooth, the school and the surrounding security environment in school In terms of society, social transformation, social transformation of social transformation, bad social culture, negative influence of the Internet, low education level, difficult employment, inadequate social public cultural facilities, and inadequate social management exert a negative impact on minors.
The fourth part from the social prevention and judicial prevention two aspects to curb and reduce juvenile crime countermeasures and suggestions, including to focus on family education, improve school education and purify the social environment and other measures to strengthen the social prevention of juvenile delinquency; combined with the new modified "Criminal Procedure Law > content, through the improvement of the examination of arrest and social investigation, appropriate adult participation, conditional non prosecution, criminal record sealed, community correction, the continuity of work mechanism, strengthen the judicial protection of minors.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D917.6

【参考文献】