我国社区矫正制度实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 01:07

本文关键词： 社区矫正实例剖析存在问题完善建议　出处：《黑龙江大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社区矫正是将符合特定条件的罪犯放置于社区，由社区矫正机关在社会团体、民间组织以及志愿者的协助下，在法定的期限内，矫正其犯罪心理和行为恶习，促使其顺利回归社会的非监禁刑罚执行活动。社区矫正在我国是泊来品，经过近十年的试行，仍有许多不尽人意的地方，本文采用调查研究、实例分析的方法，分析我国目前社区矫正制度存在的问题，探寻解决问题的办法。本文分三部分。第一部分，分析社区矫正的由来、定义、性质及价值，介绍我国社区矫正的发展概况及立法进程。社区矫正制度作为一种非监禁刑罚执行制度，在中国自2003年开始在部分省市试点适用，到逐步推广，到09年的全面铺开。直至2011年的《刑法修正案八》、2012年《刑事诉讼法修正案》的出台，我国社区矫正才正式写入国家基本法律，开始有了初步的法律依据，这之前各试点地区，依据的多是司法部、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部的规章及地方政府文件，来执行社区矫正。第二部分，以黑龙江省农垦建三江分局社区矫正为典型实例，阐述社区矫正制度实施的现状，总结、剖析社区矫正制度在实施中存在如下问题：第一法律依据明显不足，让司法行政工作者执行起来仍感步履维艰；第二刑罚理念陈旧，束缚着决定机关，即人民法院在量刑适用社区矫正制度时有所顾虑，怕出问题，怕人怀疑有不良动机，也担心重新犯罪的发生，给自已工作造成影响，，于是对应判处缓刑、应适用监外执行的犯罪从严把握，显得缩手缩脚，致使社区矫正制度在我国适用比例并不大，这与外国非监禁刑适用比例超过监禁刑比例的情况完全相反；第三矫正人员受传统意识的影响，认为社区矫正等于是无罪释放或者刑满释放，社区服刑意识低，不能明确自己的在刑意识，接受矫正时躲躲闪闪，有抵制情绪；第四执行程序不严，存在执法与执行的分离、权与责的不协调问题，降低司法权威，损害社区矫正效果。第三部分，通过实例剖析及工作实践总结，提出完善社区矫正制度的对策及建议。一是引进国外先进的矫正立法理论，借鉴国外成功的矫正经验，二是加大我国社区矫正专项立法的进程，让社区矫正制度有明确的法律保障和依据，三是建立一整套科学有效的矫正制度。最后，笔者相信，随着人性化法治理论的深入人心，我国社区矫正制度将有广阔的发展空间，并不断完善，发挥其应有的作用。
[Abstract]:Community correction is the placement of criminals who meet certain conditions in the community. The community correction organs, with the assistance of social organizations, civil society organizations and volunteers, rectify their criminal psychology and behavior within the prescribed period of time. After nearly ten years of trial, there are still many unsatisfactory places. This paper adopts the methods of investigation and research, case analysis, etc. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current community correction system in China, and explores the solutions to the problems. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part analyzes the origin, definition, nature and value of community correction, and introduces the development and legislative process of community correction in China. Since 2003, it has been applied in some provinces and cities on a pilot basis, and has been popularized step by step. It will be fully rolled out in 2009 until the eighth Amendment to the Criminal Law on 2011 and the promulgation of the Amendment to the Criminal procedure Law on 2012. It was only then that our country's community correction was formally written into the basic laws of the state, which began to have a preliminary legal basis. Prior to this, most of the pilot areas were based on the regulations of the Ministry of Justice, the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security and local government documents. To implement community correction. The second part, taking the community correction of Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Reclamation and Construction Sanjiang Branch as a typical example, expounds the current situation of the implementation of community correction system, summarizes and analyzes the following problems in the implementation of the community correction system: the first legal basis is obviously inadequate. It is still difficult for judicial administrators to carry out the penalty; the second penalty concept is old and constrains the determining organs, that is, the people's courts, when applying the community correction system to sentencing, they have concerns and are afraid of problems, and fear that people will suspect that they have bad motives. They are also worried about the occurrence of new crimes, which will have an impact on their own work, so they should be sentenced to probation. The crimes that should be executed outside the prison should be strictly handled and appear to be stingy, resulting in a small proportion of the community correction system being applied in our country. This is contrary to the fact that the proportion of non-custodial sentences applied in foreign countries exceeds the proportion of prison sentences; the third correctional personnel are influenced by the traditional consciousness that community correction is equal to acquittal or release from prison, and that the sense of community serving a sentence is low. Unable to make clear his consciousness of punishment, evasive and resisting emotion when receiving correction; 4th execution procedure is not strict, there is the separation between law enforcement and execution, disharmony between power and responsibility, reduce judicial authority, damage the effect of community correction. The third part, through the example analysis and the work practice summary, proposed the consummation community correction system countermeasure and the suggestion. First, is to introduce the foreign advanced orthodontic legislation theory, draws lessons from the foreign successful correction experience, The second is to increase the process of special legislation on community correction in our country, so that the community correction system has clear legal guarantee and basis, third is to establish a set of scientific and effective correction system. Finally, the author believes that with the humanization of the rule of law theory deeply rooted in the people, Our country community correction system will have the broad development space, unceasingly consummates, exerts its due function.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D926.8

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