劳动教养制度的反思与出路

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:05

本文选题：劳动教养 + 反思　；参考：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 劳动教养作为一项具有中国特色的法律制度,为维护社会治安、预防和减少犯罪做出了重要贡献。但是,随着我国依法治国方略的实施以及建设社会主义法治国家进程的加快,劳动教养制度存在的弊端日益突出,招致了社会有关人士和法学界部分学者的质疑和抨击,因此,很有必要对劳动教养制度的历史作用、现实价值和未来出路进行探讨。本文对劳动教养制度创立以来50年的发展历程进行了回顾,把劳动教养制度的发展历程分为五个阶段:创立阶段、初期发展阶段、基本瘫痪阶段、重建阶段和改革创新阶段,对各个阶段的发展概况和特点作了简单的概括。并对劳动教养制度进行了反思,认为其立法现状与国家法制建设状况不相适应,与立法法、行政处罚法、国际人权公约相关规定冲突,实践中也存在诸多的弊端和问题,主要体现在法律性质不确定,审批程序缺乏必要监督制约机制,适用范围不明确,法律性质与其实际的严厉程度不相适应,司法救济不够充分,执行过程存在弊端等方面。文章中通过对劳动教养制度与国外轻罪制度、保安处分制度、少年教养制度的对比分析,考察国外相关制度的变迁及实际状况,对劳动教养制度进行具体分析,看其内在的联系和相似性,辩证合理借鉴其原理和规则,以此推动劳动教养制度的改革与完善。文章还对目前法学界存在的关于劳动教养制度出路的几种观点进行了分析,并提出了自己的看法。认为劳动教养应当定性为处于刑罚和行政处罚之间的一种独立的教养制度,是强制性的教育矫治措施,与刑事处罚、行政处罚共同构成我国限制或剥夺人身自由的法律处分体系。并在此基础上就未来劳动教养制度的模式做出设计,其审批程序采用司法程序,适用对象法定化,期限减少为1-6个月,对执行管理模式进行改革,同时应考虑与劳动教养相关制度及措施的一体化问题。
[Abstract]:As a legal system with Chinese characteristics, reeducation through labor has made important contributions to the maintenance of public order and the prevention and reduction of crime.However, with the implementation of our country's strategy of governing the country according to law and the acceleration of the process of building a socialist country ruled by law, the drawbacks of the system of re-education through labour have become increasingly prominent, which has aroused the doubts and criticisms of relevant social personages and some scholars in the field of law.It is necessary to probe into the historical function, realistic value and future outlet of the reeducation through labor system.This paper reviews the development of the re-education through labor system in the past 50 years, and divides the development process into five stages: the founding stage, the initial development stage, the basic paralysis stage, the reconstruction stage and the reform and innovation stage.The general situation and characteristics of each stage are briefly summarized.The author also reflects on the system of reeducation through labor and thinks that the present situation of legislation is not suitable for the construction of national legal system and conflicts with the relevant provisions of legislative law, administrative punishment law and international human rights convention, and there are many disadvantages and problems in practice.It is mainly reflected in the uncertainty of the nature of the law, the lack of necessary supervision and restriction mechanism in the examination and approval procedure, the unclear scope of application, the incompatibility of the nature of the law with its actual severity, the insufficiency of judicial relief and the malpractice of the execution process, etc.Through the comparative analysis of the reeducation through labor system and the foreign minor crime system, the security measure system, the juvenile education system, inspects the foreign related system change and the actual situation, carries on the concrete analysis to the reeducation through labor system.Looking at its internal connection and similarity, we can use its principle and rules for reference dialectically and reasonably, so as to promote the reform and perfection of the system of re-education through labor.The article also analyzes several viewpoints on the way out of the system of reeducation through labor in the field of law at present, and puts forward its own views.The author holds that reeducation through labour should be characterized as an independent system of reeducation between punishment and administrative punishment, which is a compulsory educational corrective measure and a criminal punishment.Administrative punishment constitutes the legal punishment system of restricting or depriving personal liberty in our country.On the basis of this, the author designs the model of the future reeducation through labor system. The examination and approval procedure adopts judicial procedure, the applicable object is legalized, the time limit is reduced to 1-6 months, and the executive management mode is reformed.At the same time, consideration should be given to the integration of systems and measures related to reeducation through labour.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D926.8

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