和谐思维视野下的社区矫正

发布时间：2018-04-19 05:28

本文选题：社区矫正 + 和谐思维　；参考：《华东政法大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 20世纪中叶以来,特别是近二十年,伴随着人类文明的进程,世界各国都在不断进行刑罚制度的改革和创新,尝试用最有效、最人道、最文明的方式处理犯罪和犯罪人,社区矫正就是在这种背景下诞生的一种新的刑罚方式。社区矫正与中国的传统文化以及当前创建和谐社会的理念是相统一的,体现着以人为本的精神追求。一方面,在建设和谐社会的背景下要将和谐思维渗透到社区矫正工作之中;另一方面,以和谐思维为指导的社区正工作将促进犯罪人、被害人、社会及其三者之间的和谐,最终促进和谐社会的发展。目前,社区矫正试点工作已在全国25个省(市)展开,取得了较大发展,探索了很多成功的经验和有效的做法,成果显著。但同时也应当看到,我国社区矫正工作还处于试点阶段,还存在一些问题。探索和研究社区矫正现阶段存在的相关问题和对策,有助于进一步改革我国的刑罚执行制度,为构建和谐社会提供司法保障。本文除导言、结语之外,正文共分为四章。第一章讨论了和谐思维与传统刑事司法。文章首先指出传统的刑事司法理念存在的问题:一是存在着对犯罪人专政的思维;二是忽略了被害人的权益;三是会引发冲突与对抗。接着阐述了和谐思维下的社区矫正对传统刑事司法的修正:通过社区矫正的施行,犯罪人不但没有与社会相隔离,而且他们所遇到的困难和问题能够获得帮助和解决;社区矫正关注被害人的权利,能弥补被害人受到的损失;社区矫正改变对抗性思维,促进犯罪人和被害人之间的和谐,消除对立情绪,化解矛盾冲突,最终实现社会的稳定与和谐。第二章叙述社区矫正工作的现状。首先简要地描述了从2002年至今社区矫正试点工作的推进过程,接下来着重对北京、上海的社区矫正试点工作情况进行论述,包括各自工作的开展,主要的特点以及存在的问题,以期对社区矫正工作微观层面的问题进行探讨。第三章分析了社区矫正工作面临的问题。文章从宏观上把握社区矫正工作中存在的问题,具体包括五个方面:一是立法方面的问题。当前我国社区矫正的法律规格与立法主体较低,社区矫正的种类既少又单一,并且具体制度设计不足;二是适用方面的问题。目前我国社区矫正的适用率很低,而且适用条件苛刻;三是执行方面的问题,这既包括执行主体上的问题,也包括执行工作中出现的问题;四是被害人的权益保护问题。目前被害人并没有参与到社区矫正之中,其权益受到严重忽视;五是社区矫正队伍问题,不但人员少、队伍不稳定,而且专业素质有待提高。第四章提出了和谐思维指导下社区矫正工作的完善。具体的措施包括:通过增设社区服务刑,增加和解与赔偿措施进行立法上的完善与改革;扩大社区矫正的适用,尤其是扩大缓刑、假释的适用,并把刑释人员纳入社区矫正的对象范围之中;理性设置社区矫正的执行机构;规范社区矫正的专业队伍,提高矫正工作者的专业素质;加强对被害人权益的保护,确保被害人的基本权利得以实现,使被害人参与到社区矫正中来。以和谐思维为指导的完善措施体现着和谐之道,实质上是为了寻求犯罪人、被害人、社会这三者以及三者之间的和谐。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of the twentieth Century, especially in the past twenty years, along with the progress of human civilization, all countries in the world in the reform and innovation of the penal system, try to use the most effective, the most humane, civilized approach to crime and criminal, community correction, a new way of penalty is born in this background.
Community correction and China the traditional culture and the establishment of the concept of a harmonious society is the unity, embodies the people-oriented spirit pursuit. On the one hand, will penetrate into the harmonious thinking of community correction work in the context of building a harmonious society; on the other hand, with the guidance of the harmonious thought will promote the criminal community correction work the victim, and the three, between social harmony, and ultimately promote the development of harmonious society.
At present, the pilot work of community correction in the country has 25 provinces (city), has made great progress, to explore a lot of successful experience and effective practices, and remarkable achievements. But at the same time, China's community correction work is still in the pilot phase, there are still some problems. To explore and study the related issues of community correction at the present stage and countermeasures, contribute to the further reform of our penalty system, provide judicial protection for the construction of a harmonious society.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter discusses the harmonious thought and the traditional criminal justice. This paper points out the existing problems of the traditional criminal justice idea: one is the existence of the criminal dictatorship thinking; two is to ignore the rights and interests of the victims; three is the conflict and confrontation. Then elaborated the harmonious thinking of the community correction correction of the traditional criminal justice the community correction: through the implementation of the criminal is not isolated from the society, but also the difficulties and problems they encountered can get help and solve community correction; attention to the rights of victims, the victim can make up for the loss of community correction; change antagonistic thinking, promote the harmonious between the offender and the victim, eliminate antagonism finally, resolve conflicts, to achieve a stable and harmonious society.
The second chapter describes the current situation of community correction work. First described briefly since 2002 to promote the process of community correction work, then focuses on Beijing, Shanghai pilot work of community correction were discussed, including their work, the main characteristics and existing problems, the problem in the work of community correction in micro level carries on the discussion.
The third chapter analyzes the problems of community correction work. The grasp of community correction work of the existing problems from the macro, includes five aspects: one is the legislative problems. The current legal specifications and the legislative body of China's community correction is low, types of community correction is small and single, and the specific design of the system insufficient; is applicable to two aspects. At present our country community correction application rate is very low, but also for the harsh conditions; the implementation of the three aspects, which includes both the executive body of the problem, including in the enforcement work; four is the protection of the rights and interests of the victims. The victim was not involved community correction, its rights and interests have been seriously neglected; the five is the community correction team, not only less staff team is not stable, and professional quality to be improved.
The fourth chapter puts forward the improvement of community correction work in harmony under the guidance of thinking. Specific measures include: through the creation of community service punishment, increase reconciliation and compensation measures to improve and reform the legislation; to expand the application of community correction, especially the expansion of probation, parole application, and put the emancipists into the range of community correction objects rational setting executive mechanism of community correction;; specification of community correction professional team, improve the professional quality of correction workers; strengthen the protection of the rights of the victims, to ensure that the basic rights of victims to be realized, so the victim to participate in community correction. The harmonious thinking guidance measures embody the harmonious way, in essence in order to seek the offender, the victim, between the three and the three social harmony.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D926.8

【引证文献】