未成年人犯罪综合治理体系的反思及完善

发布时间：2018-07-05 09:48

本文选题：未成年人犯罪 + 综合治理　；参考：《华东政法学院》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 20世纪80年代中期以后,未成年人犯罪日益严重,集中表现在犯罪人数整体呈阶段性上升、犯罪性质及社会危害性日趋严重、犯罪类型不断增多、结伙作案突击、犯罪低龄化等几个方面,这要求我们共同为保护未成年人、拯救失足未成年人而努力。未成年人犯罪日益严重并不能否定综合治理作为社会治安基本方针的正确性。本文第一章通过从理论上分析犯罪原因的复杂、交错、变化,从实践上分析我国综合治理所取得的成效,从建国以来犯罪的动态变化分析综合治理的适应性与超前性,论证了综合治理是科学有效的、有针对性的减少、预防、治理未成年人犯罪的战略思想和对策。第二章系统地阐述了综合治理是党领导人民长期同犯罪作斗争的历史经验总结,是党推动下逐渐完善和成熟起来的科学的预防犯罪方略。在新的历史时期,综合治理通过《未成年人保护法》、《预防未成年人犯罪法》的颁布实施实现了“治理”与“保护”的辩证统一。综合治理作为预防犯罪的基本方针、基本途径、基本方法无疑是正确的,但未成年人犯罪的严重性却揭示出综合治理体系面临困难和存在问题,需要我们认真反思并加以完善。本文第三章至第五章着重从立法、制度机制及组织机构、社会支持体系等方面阐述未成年人犯罪综合治理体系中存在的问题,包括未成年人立法意识落后、法律制度的设计存在缺陷、立法操作性不强、立法尚未实现体系化;综合治理工作机制尚未法制化、规范化、尚未建立权威的、多功能的指挥协调机构、矫治制度不科学、司法机构建设落后;家庭教育功能不良和缺失、学校教育存在“功利”趋向、社区教育乏力等。第六章则针对存在的问题有针对性地提出完善对策,包括树立未成年人保护意识和“四大”体系的构建:未成年人法律规范体系、综合治理机构体系、司法保护体系、社会支持体系。文章最后指出犯罪和未成年人犯罪的综合治理是在一系列中国化了的马克思主义理论指导下逐渐形成、发展、完善、成熟起来的,需要在预防犯罪的实践中不断创新、总结、完善。
[Abstract]:Since the mid-1980s, juvenile delinquency has become more and more serious, which is mainly reflected in the overall increase in the number of crimes, the increasingly serious nature of crime and social harmfulness, the increasing number of crime types, and the assault of gang crime. This requires us to work together to protect minors and save underage minors. The growing seriousness of juvenile delinquency cannot deny the correctness of comprehensive management as the basic policy of social security. The first chapter of this paper analyzes the complexity, crisscross and change of the causes of crime theoretically, analyzes the achievements of comprehensive management in practice, and analyzes the adaptability and advance of comprehensive management from the dynamic changes of crime since the founding of the people's Republic of China. This paper demonstrates that comprehensive management is scientific and effective, and the strategic thoughts and countermeasures of reducing, preventing and controlling juvenile delinquency are pointed out. The second chapter systematically expounds that comprehensive management is the historical experience of the Party leading the people to fight against crime for a long time, and is a scientific crime prevention strategy gradually perfected and matured by the Party. In the new historical period, the comprehensive management has realized the dialectical unity of "governance" and "protection" through the promulgation and implementation of the Law on the Protection of minors and the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency. As the basic policy of crime prevention, comprehensive management is undoubtedly correct, but the seriousness of juvenile delinquency reveals that the comprehensive management system is facing difficulties and existing problems, which requires us to reflect on and perfect it. The third to fifth chapters focus on the problems existing in the comprehensive management system of juvenile delinquency from the aspects of legislation, institutional mechanism, organization and social support system, including the backward consciousness of juvenile legislation. The design of the legal system is flawed, the legislative operation is not strong, the legislation has not yet been systematized, the working mechanism of comprehensive management has not yet been legalized, standardized, authoritative and multi-functional command and coordination organizations have not been established, and the system of correction is not scientific. The construction of judicial institution is backward, the function of family education is poor and lacking, the tendency of "utility" exists in school education, and the community education is weak. The sixth chapter puts forward the perfect countermeasures against the existing problems, including the establishment of the consciousness of protection of minors and the construction of the "four major" systems: the system of legal norms for minors, the system of comprehensive governance institutions, and the system of judicial protection. Social support system Finally, the article points out that the comprehensive management of crime and juvenile crime is gradually formed, developed, perfected and matured under the guidance of a series of Sinicized Marxist theories, and needs to be continuously innovated and summarized in the practice of crime prevention. Perfect.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D917.6;D922.183

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