南京国民政府渐进式土地改革政策的形成

发布时间：2018-01-14 12:36

本文关键词：南京国民政府渐进式土地改革政策的形成　出处：《江海学刊》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：南京国民政府成立后,国民党曾尝试推行农村土地改革。利用在江西等省进行"剿匪"的契机,蒋介石在征询多方意见的基础上,制订了以"业权发还原主、农民得有田耕"为原则的土地改革政策,试图通过兼顾地主和农民双方的利益,维护社会基层稳定,对抗和围剿中共。面对孙科、汪精卫、阎锡山等其他政治势力的质疑和挑战,蒋介石坚持自己在"匪区"所确立的土改方针,坚决反对在全国范围内实行计口分田、废除土地私有制,完全否定采纳共产党的土改办法。通过拉拢陈果夫、萧铮等人,蒋介石聚集并培养了一大批地政专家学者,促成了一系列土地法规的制订和出台,最终在国民政府内确立了渐进式土地改革方针的权威地位。
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the Kuomintang tried to carry out the rural land reform. Taking advantage of the opportunity of "suppressing bandits" in Jiangxi and other provinces, Jiang Jieshi, on the basis of consulting various opinions, formulated the "right of ownership" to restore the owner. The policy of land reform, in which peasants must have farmland as a principle, tries to maintain social stability at the grass-roots level by taking into account the interests of both landlords and peasants, and to confront and encircle the Chinese Communists, facing Sun Ke and Wang Ching-wei. Yan Xishan and other political forces questioned and challenged, Jiang Jieshi adhere to his "bandit areas" established the policy of land reform, resolutely opposed to the implementation of nationwide division of land, the abolition of private ownership of land. Totally negating the adoption of the Communist Party's method of land reform. By courting Chen Guofu, Xiao Zheng, and others, Jiang Jieshi gathered and trained a large number of land experts and scholars, which led to the formulation and promulgation of a series of land laws and regulations. Finally, it established the authority status of progressive land reform policy in the National Government.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学外国语学院博士后流动站;
【分类号】：D693
【正文快照】： 土地问题是涉及国家经济基础的核心问题,也是中国历代社会所面临的基本问题。对于南京国民政府而言,实现“平均地权”“耕者有其田”是国父孙中山的政治主张,实行土地改革是建立和完善国家经济制度的根本,同时也是国民党“三民主义”的关键要素。在全面抗战爆发前的十年期间,

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