失能老年人的照料需求:未满足程度及其差异

发布时间：2018-01-30 11:12

本文关键词： 完全未满足的需求部分未满足的需求完全满足的需求失能老人　出处：《兰州学刊》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：我国居家社区养老服务供给缺乏相匹配的需求满足度信息。文章采用2014年中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查数据,计算中国居家失能老人的比例与规模及其照料需求满足程度,并进一步按社会人口特征、失能程度、城乡以及地区比较失能老人中存在完全满足、部分未满足以及完全未满足的需求的比例差异。研究发现:我国有9%的居家老人失能,相当于老年人口数1200多万;41%的居家失能老人已有家人照料且完全满足其需求,54%存在部分未满足的需求,4%的居家失能老人的照料需求完全未得到满足;中/重度失能、生活来源不够用、西部以及城镇的失能老人的部分未满足的需求凸显;轻度失能、中低龄、上过学、独居、中部以及农村的失能老人是存在完全未满足需求的高风险人群。研究建议,居家社区养老服务应聚焦具有完全或部分未满足需求的居家失能老人,并且由政府优先保障需求完全未被满足的高风险人群。
[Abstract]:The supply of residential community pension services in China is short of matching information of demand satisfaction. This paper adopts the data of the 2014 survey on the factors affecting the health and longevity of the elderly in China. The proportion and scale of the elderly with disability at home in China and the degree of satisfaction of their care needs are calculated. Furthermore, according to the social and demographic characteristics, the degree of disability, the total satisfaction exists among the disabled elderly compared with urban and rural areas and regions. The proportion of unsatisfied and completely unsatisfied needs is different. The study found that: 9% of the elderly in our country are disabled, equivalent to more than 12 million of the elderly population; 41% of the incapacitated elderly had been cared for by their families and 54% of them had some unmet needs. 4% of them had not been satisfied. Moderate / severe disability, insufficient sources of living, and the unmet needs of the elderly in the west and towns; The elderly with mild disability, middle and low age, school attendance, living alone, central and rural areas are at high risk of unmet needs. The family community old-age service should focus on the elderly who have not met the needs completely or partially, and the government should give priority to the high risk groups whose needs are completely unsatisfied.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学老年学研究所;美国布朗大学老年学与卫生服务研究中心;
【基金】：中国人民大学2015年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划成果
【分类号】：D669.6
【正文快照】： 一、研究背景及问题提出在孝文化传承和经济发展新常态下,家庭养老仍是中国最主要的养老方式。九成以上有照料需求的老年人的主要照料者是家庭成员,而且94%的老年人依然选择未来在自己家或子女家养老。(1)然而,随着照料需求加剧和家庭照料功能的弱化,居家老年人对社会照料服务

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