香港区议会选举对政党发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 04:58

本文关键词： 香港区议会选举香港政党政党发展政党政治　出处：《中共中央党校》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：政党参加选举获得议席是实现其价值目标和政治理念的制度化途径,政党的活动开展以及行为方式很大程度上以选举为导向,选举是影响政党发展的一个重要因素。通过分析历届香港区议会的选举数据发现:在区议会选举中,有效政党数呈下降趋势,在目前的多党格局下朝着形成少数几个有影响力大党的方向发展,同时获得议席的政党越来越来多;政党议席率与得票率的损益值大多数情况下大于1,表明香港大部分政党倾向于“过度代表”,同时损益值也呈现不稳定性,出现个别政党的损益值严重失衡现象;反映选民投票集中程度的SF值呈现下降趋势,表明区议会选举中选民出现投票集中的趋势,这符合选民“心理效应”和策略投票的理论预测;区议会选举竞争指数上升,具有政党背景的候选人比例有所提高,政党更广泛地参与了区议会的选举,竞争程度增强;政党议席分布情况以及政党参选范围说明,活跃于全港各个区议会并有着广泛影响力的政党很少,某些地区性政党通过选举获得议席在区内有着相当的影响力。区议会选举,提供选举平台、参政路径,创造了政党发展的有利条件;加剧政党格局的分化与整合,增加了政党发展的不稳定因素;推进政党体制的形成和发展,规制了政党发展的空间和路径;推动民众的政治参与,扩大了政党发展的民众基础;此外,区议会的非政权性质制约了政党功能的进一步发展。区议会选举对政党理论规划方面的影响体现在服务社区、关注民生、淡化政治和诉求民主四个方面,区议会选举促使政党注重地区组织的建设、强化政党中央机构建设以及积极培养政党基层年轻骨干队伍。香港政党的发展将继续保持并更加凸显“一国两制”的特点。在区议会影响因素下,结合香港的政治现实,香港的政党发展将会出现强化组织建设趋势、跨阶层发展趋势、进一步分化与整合趋势以及形成选举联盟的趋势。展望香港政党政治的发展,香港政党政治将随着政制改革循序渐进地向前,将围绕“双普选”问题展开,并且存在着难以突破的发展限度。
[Abstract]:The political parties' participation in the election to obtain seats is the way to achieve their value goals and political ideas. The activities and behavior of political parties are to a large extent guided by elections. Election is an important factor affecting the development of political parties. Through the analysis of the election data of successive District councils in Hong Kong, it is found that the number of effective political parties is on the decline in district board elections. Under the present multi-party pattern, it is developing towards the direction of forming a few influential big parties, and at the same time, more and more political parties have won seats; The profit and loss value of political party seat and vote rate is more than 1 in most cases, which indicates that most political parties in Hong Kong tend to be "over-represented", and at the same time, the profit and loss value is unstable, and the profit and loss value of individual political party is seriously out of balance. The SF value, which reflects the degree of voter concentration, shows a downward trend, which indicates that voters have a tendency of voting concentration in district board elections, which is in line with the theoretical prediction of "psychological effect" and strategic voting of voters, and the competition index of district board elections increases. The increase in the proportion of candidates with political affiliation, the wider participation of political parties in district council elections and the increased level of competition; the distribution of political party seats and the scope of political parties' participation in elections, There are very few political parties active in the various district councils in Hong Kong and have extensive influence. Some regional political parties have considerable influence in the district through the election of seats. It creates favorable conditions for the development of political parties, intensifies the differentiation and integration of political parties, increases the unstable factors in the development of political parties, promotes the formation and development of the political party system, regulates the space and path for the development of political parties, and promotes the political participation of the people. In addition, the non-political nature of the District councils restricts the further development of the functions of the political parties. The impact of the District Council elections on the theoretical planning of political parties is reflected in serving the community and paying attention to the people's livelihood. Desalination of politics and pursuit of democracy, District Council elections urge political parties to pay attention to the construction of regional organizations. Strengthen the building of the central organs of political parties and actively train the young cadres of political parties at the grass-roots level. The development of political parties in Hong Kong will continue to maintain and further highlight the characteristics of "one country, two systems." under the influence of the District councils, and in the light of the political reality in Hong Kong, The development of political parties in Hong Kong will show the trend of strengthening organizational construction, cross-class development, further differentiation and integration, and the trend of forming an electoral alliance. Look forward to the development of party politics in Hong Kong. Political party politics in Hong Kong will move forward step by step with the political reform, and will revolve around the issue of "double universal suffrage", and there are some limits of development which are difficult to break through.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D676.58

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