我国未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚机制反思研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 23:37

本文选题：未成年人犯罪 + 刑罚　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会不断的进步和发展,城市化的脚步持续大跨步的向前迈进,人们对物质利益的过度追求,父母生活压力的不断增强,社会和家庭对未成年子女的关注越来越少,导致未成年人犯罪率不断攀升。国外针对未成年人犯罪问题,特别是对未成年人犯罪适用非刑罚处罚方式来预防未成年人罪犯再次犯罪的问题进行了立法和司法的不断探索,取得了一定的成效。国外关于未成年人犯罪的立法模式主要有两种:一种是针对未成年人犯罪进行专门立法,比如台湾的《少年事件处理法》;另一种是在本国刑法典中针对未成年犯罪单列一编,比如《俄罗斯联邦刑法典》第5编第14章。不管是采取什么样的模式,这些法律都对未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚问题进行了系统化规定,为法院的司法实践活动提供了强有力的法律支撑。我国也在不断的探索着预防未成年人犯罪的各种方法,为此我国颁布了一系列针对未成年人的法律和司法解释,从实体法和程序法的角度对未成年人犯罪的预防进行了规范。可以说,预防青少年犯罪工作已取得了一定的成绩和效果。但是,未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚在立法和司法上存在大量的问题需要进行解决。立法上存在的主要问题是:1、处罚方法系统性不强,缺乏针对性;2、处罚方法种类偏少、缺乏层次性;3、处罚方法效果不明显,缺乏教育性;4、处罚方法适用条件不明确、缺乏可操作性。司法实践存在的主要问题是:1、法官重视不够,适用范围狭窄;2、司法部门之间缺乏配合;3、社会宣传不到位,公众参与度低。本文希望通过减少对未成年罪犯使用刑罚处罚,而多适用非刑罚处罚的方法来教育改造罪犯,预防未成年罪犯再次犯罪。本文主要研究的是未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚问题,希望通过对未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚的分析,针对未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚方面存在的立法和司法问题,借鉴其他国家优越的制度,提出相应的完善建议,以推动未成年人犯罪非刑罚处罚的发展。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress and development of the society, the pace of urbanization continues to stride forward with great strides, people's excessive pursuit of material interests, the increasing pressure of parents' life, the society and the family pay less and less attention to the underage children. As a result, the juvenile crime rate continues to rise. In foreign countries, the problem of juvenile delinquency, especially the application of non-penalty punishment to juvenile delinquency, to prevent juvenile delinquents from committing crimes again, has been continuously explored in legislation and judicature, and some achievements have been made. There are two main modes of foreign legislation on juvenile delinquency: one is to legislate specifically against juvenile delinquency, such as Taiwan's Juvenile incident handling Law; the other is to include a separate part in the domestic Criminal Code against juvenile delinquency. For example, title 5, Chapter 14, of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. No matter what mode they adopt, these laws all systematize the problem of non-penalty punishment for juvenile delinquency, and provide a strong legal support for the judicial practice of the court. China is also constantly exploring various methods to prevent juvenile delinquency. For this reason, China has promulgated a series of legal and judicial interpretations for minors, and standardized the prevention of juvenile delinquency from the point of view of substantive law and procedural law. It can be said that the prevention of juvenile delinquency has achieved certain results and results. However, there are a lot of problems in legislation and judicature. The main problems in legislation are: 1, the punishment method is not systematic, the punishment method is lack of pertinence, the type of punishment method is on the low side, the lack of hierarchy, the effect of punishment method is not obvious, the lack of education, the applicable condition of punishment method is not clear. Lack of maneuverability. The main problems in judicial practice are: 1, the judges pay less attention to it, the scope of application is narrow, the judicial departments lack cooperation, the social propaganda is not in place, and the public participation is low. This article hopes that by reducing the use of punishment for minor offenders and applying more methods of non-penal punishment, the author hopes to educate and reform criminals and prevent juvenile criminals from committing crimes again. This paper mainly studies the problem of non-penalty punishment for juvenile delinquency, and hopes that through the analysis of non-penalty punishment for juvenile delinquency, there are legislative and judicial problems in non-criminal punishment for juvenile delinquency. Using the superior systems of other countries for reference, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote the development of non-penalty punishment for juvenile delinquency.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2;D669.5

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