应急管理视角下社区柔韧性评估研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 18:44

本文选题：社区柔韧性 + 柔韧性评估　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国社会正处于转型的时期,自然灾害、人为事故,以及非传统的安全问题频发,严重威胁到了我国构建安定、和谐的社会。我国已经进入“高风险社会”阶段,为了抵抗各类社会风险的冲击、维护社会的稳定,增强社区的柔韧性是十分必要的。社区,作为基层自治组织,是社会应急管理中的最重要的参与者和执行者之一,可以弥补国家单一治理存在的诸多弊端,发挥因地制宜、反映迅速等优势。高水平的社区柔韧性可以使社区通过自身的能力在灾难中最大可能的存活下来,并快速的恢复到令人满意的状态,有效的保护人民生命和财产的安全。尽管随着社区柔韧性得到越来越多的关注,社区柔韧性的评估模型和指标体系也开始被广泛讨论,但是我国尚未构建出一套系统的、可操作的、适应我国背景的社区柔韧性评估体系。因而本文旨在构建我国社区柔韧性评估体系,发现我国社区柔韧性建设中存在的不足,提出增强社区柔韧性的对策和建议。首先,以组织学习理论、脆弱性理论和社会资本理论作为研究的理论基础,通过不同研究视角对国内外社区柔韧性评估研究成果进行分类,发现社区柔韧性的研究存在概念不清、内容缺乏系统性,评估体系缺乏操作性等问题。其次,提出我国社区柔韧性评估体系建设的目标、原则、评估主体、以及科学化的评估程序。第三,采用经验分析和专家访谈法,构建包括情景认知能力、抗灾能力、转化能力、社会资本和脆弱性共5个一级指标和18个二级指标在内的社区柔韧性指标体系,运用层次分析法确定所有指标的权重,并验证了其信度和效度,最终形成了我国社区柔韧性评估体系。第四,对大连市新老式社区的代表：黄河社区和胜利社区,进行了社区柔韧性的评估,通过实际评估验证了评估体系的可行性和适用性,并对评估结果进行了深入的比较分析。最后,对大连市乃至全国范围内社区柔韧性的建设提出了推广社区柔韧性建设理念,加强社区社会资本建设,完善社区应急管理体系建设,开展社区脆弱性专项治理工作,加强社区应急管理信息化平台的建设等五点对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Our society is in a period of transition, natural disasters, man-made accidents, and non-traditional security problems frequently occur, which seriously threaten the construction of a stable and harmonious society in China. Our country has entered the stage of "high risk society", in order to resist the impact of all kinds of social risks, maintain social stability, strengthen the flexibility of the community is very necessary. Community, as a grass-roots autonomous organization, is one of the most important participants and executors in social emergency management. The high level of community flexibility can enable the community to survive the disaster as far as possible through its own ability, and quickly recover to a satisfactory state, and effectively protect the safety of people's lives and property. Although more and more attention has been paid to community flexibility, the evaluation model and index system of community flexibility have been widely discussed, but China has not yet constructed a set of systematic, operational, Community flexibility assessment system adapted to the background of our country. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to construct a community flexibility evaluation system in China, to find out the shortcomings in the construction of community flexibility, and to put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to enhance community flexibility. Firstly, based on organizational learning theory, vulnerability theory and social capital theory, the research results of community flexibility assessment at home and abroad are classified from different perspectives. It is found that there are some problems in community flexibility research, such as unclear concept, lack of systematic content, lack of operability of evaluation system, and so on. Secondly, the aim, principle, main body and scientific evaluation procedure of community flexibility evaluation system in China are put forward. Thirdly, using empirical analysis and expert interview, the paper constructs a community resilience index system, which includes 5 first-class indicators and 18 second-level indicators, including situational cognitive ability, disaster resilience, transformation ability, social capital and vulnerability. Using AHP to determine the weight of all indicators, and to verify its reliability and validity, finally formed our country community flexibility evaluation system. Fourth, the community flexibility evaluation of the representatives of the old and new communities in Dalian, namely, the Yellow River community and the Shengli community, is carried out, and the feasibility and applicability of the evaluation system are verified through the actual evaluation. The evaluation results are compared and analyzed deeply. Finally, the paper puts forward the idea of community flexibility construction, strengthens the community social capital construction, consummates the community emergency management system construction, and develops the community vulnerability special management work to the Dalian city and even the whole country scope community flexibility construction. Strengthen the community emergency management information platform construction and other five countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3

【参考文献】