社会权力理论对完善中国国家权力制衡机制的价值

发布时间：2018-05-13 20:52

本文选题：社会权力 + 国家权力　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国社会正经历着从国家—个人二元化结构向国家一社会—个人三元化结构的转变。这种转变的标志就是多元化社会组织的兴起和发展。随着这一趋势的发展,我国公民社会的雏形日趋显现。社会权力产生的社会基础即是公民社会的形成。社会权力是指社会组织凭借其所掌握的社会资源对国家和社会所施加的影响力和支配力。社会权力的主体必须是享有人权和公民权的个人或是由其组成的团体、利益共同体,并且掌握一定的社会资源,从而能够对国家和社会产生影响力和支配力。国家权力来源于社会权力,社会权力是国家权力的基础,国家权力与社会权力之间具有管理与监督的关系。社会权力本质上是对个人权利的整合与发展,是个人权利得以实现的一种保障,它同个人权利之间是通过协议来进行交涉和互动的。社会权力对国家权力起着重要的监督制衡作用。目前中国国家权力在行使中的失范现象较为普遍,对个人权利造成了很大的侵害。通过对这些失范现象进行分析,可以得出中国的国家权力制衡机制存在着理论上和现实上的问题。理论上,传统的以个人权利制衡国家权力理论和以国家权力制衡国家权力的理论都无法实现对国家权力的全面制衡;现实上,中国人大的立法权和监督权、司法权对行政权的监督作用都未能充分实现,社会的监督力量也过于薄弱。社会权力理论可以推动我国的国家权力监督制衡机制的主体结构从国家—个人二元结构向国家—社会—个人三元结构转变;也可以推动国家权力制衡机制从体制内向体制外扩张;还可推动权力制衡机制模型从静态向动态转化。社会权力理论在实践中一方面能够指导政府职能的转变,将部分政府职能转交给社会组织承担,从而推动社会自治,实现国家权力向社会权力的转化;另一方面能够推动社会组织健康良性发展并更多地参加到国家立法、司法、执法的过程中去,从而起到对国家权力的监督制衡作用。
[Abstract]:Chinese society is undergoing a transformation from a state-individual dual structure to a state-society-individual ternary structure. The symbol of this change is the rise and development of pluralistic social organizations. With the development of this trend, the embryonic form of civil society in our country appears day by day. The social foundation of social power is the formation of civil society. Social power refers to the influence and power that social organization exerts on the country and society by virtue of its social resources. The subject of social power must be the individual who enjoys human rights and civil rights or the group composed of them, the community of interests, and the possession of certain social resources, so that they can exert influence and power on the state and society. State power originates from social power, which is the basis of state power, and the relationship between state power and social power is between management and supervision. In essence, social power is the integration and development of individual rights, a kind of guarantee to realize individual rights, and it interacts with individual rights through agreement. Social power plays an important role in the checks and balances of state power. At present, China's state power in the exercise of the norms of the phenomenon is relatively common, has caused great violations of individual rights. Through the analysis of these abnormal phenomena, it can be concluded that there are theoretical and practical problems in China's state power balance mechanism. In theory, neither the traditional theory of balancing state power with individual rights nor the theory of checks and balances on state power by state power can realize the overall checks and balances on state power; in reality, the legislative and supervisory powers of the Chinese people's Congress, The supervision function of judicial power to administrative power is not fully realized, and the social supervision power is too weak. The theory of social power can promote the transformation of the subject structure of the state power supervision and balance mechanism from the state-individual dual structure to the state-social-individual ternary structure. It can also promote the expansion of the state power balance mechanism from the inside system to the outside system, and can also promote the power balance mechanism model to transform from static to dynamic. On the one hand, the theory of social power can guide the transformation of government functions and transfer some government functions to social organizations, thus promoting social autonomy and realizing the transformation of state power to social power. On the other hand, it can promote the healthy development of social organizations and participate more in the process of national legislation, judicature and law enforcement, thus playing the role of supervision and balance of state power.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61

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