文化视域下法国穆斯林移民融入问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 01:00

本文选题：移民 + 融入　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2015年以来,法国屡屡发生由穆斯林移民制造或参与制造的恐怖袭击事件,并造成了大量无辜伤亡,这使法国长期存在的"移民",尤其是数量庞大的穆斯林移民对主流社会的融入不足问题再度成为人们关注的焦点。作为法国移民的主体,穆斯林群体的融入显然遇到了不少羁绊。尽管这类人口总体增长迅速,法国社会对这些新来者亦表示接受,新一代移民并没有丝毫比他们的父辈过的更好,现实反而更加残酷。社会排斥,失业,贫困,郊区……相似的不幸还在继续损害那些可怜人的权益,他们大部分都是新的法国公民,努力摆脱他们固有的阶层却只是徒劳。声音嘶哑,陷入深深绝望的这些社会的少数成员进而转向更加极端的方式使自己被听见和关注。这是他们对社会上与所有移民阶层都息息相关的争论的回应,是对漠视他们的利益并把他们的呼声归咎于社会机能障碍的政策的回应。此外,还有无处不在但通常都带来负面影响的媒体报道。对于移民群体来说,在法国的融入正面临着一系列巨大的挑战。多项调查显示,尤其自2010年以来,伊斯兰在法国的形象一落千丈。2016年,三分之二的法国人认为穆斯林们没有很好地融入并主要归咎于"他们自身拒绝融入社会"。然而,是否真的是穆斯林们自身拒绝融入法国社会呢?造成移民在法国融入羁绊的文化根源到底在哪里?什么才是他们的身份一首先是法国人,还是首先是穆斯林?所有这些问题把我们引向对穆斯林移民在法国融入问题的研究,尤其是最突出的在价值观上以及两种文明的交融和冲突,也就是本文着重从文化视域下的分析。本文试图识别、探究法国穆斯林移民融入问题的主要文化根源,借助法国最知名的权威机构的调查、报道和数据进行研究,以解释法国的穆斯林移民在文化融入上的失败。本文主体由三部分组成。第一章,为了使大家更好地理解法国穆斯林移民的背景,在此将阐述"移民"和"融入"的基本释义,介绍法国历史上三次移民浪潮,移民融入问题的逐步形成,以及法国穆斯林移民的融入现状。在第二章,本文将分析法国穆斯林移民的特点,并从以下方面探究文化视域下的法国穆斯林移民融入问题的根源:法国民族主义传统;现代性背景下的伊斯兰与法兰西文明;文化认同的缺失;以及文化适应的错位。最后,在第三章,本文将总结法国的移民文化融入措施,从已被证明失败的共和同化模式到针对移民融入的改革措施,并思考其给我们带来的关于文化多样性和进步的启示意义。
[Abstract]:Since 2015, there have been repeated terrorist attacks by Muslim immigrants in France, which have resulted in a large number of innocent casualties. This makes the long-standing "immigration" in France, especially the large number of Muslim immigrants, the problem of integration into the mainstream society has become the focus of attention again. As the main body of French immigrants, the integration of the Muslim community obviously encountered a lot of fetters. Despite the rapid overall growth of such populations, French society accepts that the new generation of immigrants is no better off than their parents, and the reality is more brutal. Social exclusion, unemployment, poverty, suburbs. Similar misfortunes continue to impair the rights of the poor, most of whom are new French citizens, trying to shake off their inherent class in vain. Hoarse, deeply desperate, a few members of these societies turn to more extreme ways to make themselves heard and noticed. This is their response to debates that affect all classes of immigrants, to policies that ignore their interests and blame their voices on social dysfunction. In addition, there are everywhere, but often have a negative impact of media coverage. For immigrant groups, integration in France is facing a series of enormous challenges. Surveys show that Islam's image in France has plummeted, especially since 2010. In 2016, 2/3 of French believed that Muslims were not well integrated and were largely blamed for "their own refusal to integrate into society." But is it really Muslims themselves who refuse to integrate into French society? Where is the cultural origin of the integration of immigrants in France? What are they first of all French or first of all Muslim? All these problems lead us to the study of the integration of Muslim immigrants in France, especially the most prominent integration and conflict between the values and the two civilizations, that is, this paper focuses on the analysis from the perspective of culture. This paper attempts to identify and explore the main cultural roots of the integration of Muslim immigrants in France, and to explain the failure of the integration of Muslim immigrants in France by means of surveys, reports and data from the most famous authorities in France. The main body of this paper consists of three parts. In the first chapter, in order to better understand the background of the Muslim immigrants in France, we will expound the basic definitions of "immigrants" and "integration" and introduce the three waves of immigration in French history and the gradual formation of the problem of integration of immigrants. And the integration of French Muslim immigrants. In the second chapter, this paper will analyze the characteristics of French Muslim immigrants, and explore the root of the integration of French Muslim immigrants from the following aspects: French nationalist tradition, Islamic and French civilization under the background of modernity; The absence of cultural identity and the dislocation of cultural adaptation. Finally, in the third chapter, this paper will summarize the measures of the integration of the immigrant culture in France, from the failed Republican assimilation model to the reform measures aimed at the integration of immigrants. And think about the significance of cultural diversity and progress brought to us.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D756.5

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