后冷战时期美沙关系研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 03:42

本文选题：美沙关系 + 美国主导　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：沙特阿拉伯作为中东地区重要的能源和宗教大国,其与美国的关系日益受到学界的关注。沙特是一个政教合一的君主制国家,而美国是一个民主制国家,两国在意识形态、政治体制等方面截然不同。然而美国与沙特在20世纪30年代后一直维持良好的合作关系,这种跨越分歧的长久合作值得深入探讨。美国与沙特阿拉伯早在1933年便建立了外交关系。当时,沙特阿拉伯在伊本·沙特的带领下刚刚独立,国家面临严重的安全威胁。由于世界经济危机的影响,早期沙特的经济也因朝觐者的锐减而遭受严重打击。作为新兴大国,美国从能源领域开始与沙特的合作,并在随后的二战中确立了"石油换安全"的外交模式。冷战期间,出于对无神论苏联的防范,美沙一直保持安全领域的合作。冷战结束后,美国成为全球唯一的超级大国,其在中东的地位加强,沙特在海湾战争、伊拉克战争和反恐斗争中紧随美国,两国不断强化全面合作。尽管面临着阿以问题、民主改革和恐怖袭击等问题的困扰,美沙两国始终能够将两国的共同利益置于双边关系的首位。回顾美沙关系的发展历程,美国主导、跨越时空是美沙特殊关系的主要特征。清教徒和早期移民的开拓实践产生美国的实用主义思想,实用主义深刻影响美国民众的思维方式,并成为美国政治文化的重要组成部分。美沙特殊关系的产生与美国政治文化中的实用主义有密切的联系。本文梳理美国与沙特关系的演变,并分析美沙关系中的实用主义因素。文章结合历史背景,着重把握影响两国关系的战略考量和政治合作,叙述对美沙关系产生重大影响的历史事件。通过对美沙关系的回顾,展现美沙关系跨度持久、一方主导的特殊性,进而研究美沙特殊关系产生的实用主义因素。实用主义的由来以及其对美沙外交的影响是本文的重点。
[Abstract]:Saudi Arabia is an important energy and religious power in the Middle East, and its relations with the United States are increasingly concerned by the academic community. Saudi Arabia is a monarchy country with a unity of politics, and the United States is a democratic state, and the two countries are completely different in ideology and political systems. The long-standing cooperation between the United States and Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia in 1933, when Saudi Arabia, under the leadership of Ibn Saudi Arabia, was just independent and the country faced serious security threats. The early Saudi economy was affected by the world economic crisis. As a new power, as a emerging power, the United States began to cooperate with Saudi Arabia from the energy field, and established a diplomatic mode of "oil for security" in the subsequent World War II. During the cold war, the United States became the world's only world only after the cold war, after the cold war. As a superpower, its status in the Middle East is strengthened. Saudi Arabia has followed the United States in the Gulf War, the Iraq war and the fight against terrorism. The two countries continue to strengthen their comprehensive cooperation. Despite the problems of Arab Israeli issues, democratic reforms and terrorist attacks, the two countries have always been able to place their common interests first in the bilateral relations. The course of the development of the relationship between the United States and the United States is dominated by the United States, which is the main feature of the special relationship between the United States and the United States. The Pilgrims and the early migration of the pilgrims produce American pragmatism, and pragmatism profoundly affects the way of thinking of the American people, and becomes an important part of American political culture. There is a close relationship between American political culture and pragmatism. This article combs the evolution of the relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia, and analyzes the pragmatic factors in the relationship between the United States and the United States. The article, combining the historical background, emphasizes the strategic consideration and political cooperation which affects the relations between the two countries, and describes the historical events which have a significant impact on the Meisha Customs Department. The review of the relationship between the sand and sand shows the persistence of the relationship between the United States and the United States and the particularity dominated by the one side, and then studies the pragmatism factors produced by the special relations of the United States and sand. The origin of pragmatism and its influence on the diplomacy of the United States and sand are the focus of this article.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D838.4

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