中国流动人口的创业效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:05

本文选题：流动人口 + 创业　；参考：《中国人力资源开发》2017年07期

【摘要】：创业是中国经济可持续发展的重要推动力。本文从微观个体出发,研究中国流动人口对创业的影响,探讨推动"大众创业"的政策建议。基于中国综合社会调查的数据,本文的实证研究表明,整体而言,流动人口选择创业的概率显著高于本地居民。进一步,分创业类型看,无论是"自己是老板"型创业,还是"个体工商户"型创业,流动人口创业的概率均比本地居民高,但流动人口选择"个体工商户"型创业的概率更大。分行业看,流动人口选择在服务业创业的概率显著高于本地居民,但选择在工业创业的概率与本地居民无显著差异。从创业的就业效应、收入效应看,流动人口创业雇员水平与本地居民无显著差异,但创业收入显著高于本地居民。本文的政策启示是要进一步深化制度改革,消除地区间影响人口迁移的制度阻碍,实现人口的自由迁移;要优化流动人口的创业环境,充分激发流动人口的创业活力。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is an important driving force for sustainable economic development in China. Starting from micro individuals, this paper studies the impact of floating population on entrepreneurship in China, and probes into the policy recommendations for promoting "mass entrepreneurship". Based on the data of China Comprehensive Social Survey, the empirical study shows that, on the whole, the probability of floating population choosing to start a business is significantly higher than that of local residents. Further, according to the type of entrepreneurship, the probability of starting a business by floating population is higher than that of local residents, regardless of whether it is a "self-employed" type or an "individual industrial and commercial household" type. But the floating population chooses the "individual industrial and commercial household" the type to start an undertaking the probability is bigger. According to industry, the probability of floating population choosing to start a business in service industry is significantly higher than that of local residents, but there is no significant difference between the probability of choosing industrial entrepreneurship and that of local residents. From the employment effect and income effect of entrepreneurship, there is no significant difference between the level of entrepreneurial employees of floating population and that of local residents, but the entrepreneurial income is significantly higher than that of local residents. The policy enlightenment of this paper is to further deepen the system reform, eliminate the institutional obstacles affecting the migration of population among regions, and realize the free migration of the population, optimize the entrepreneurial environment of the floating population, and fully stimulate the entrepreneurial vitality of the floating population.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学马克思主义学院;电子科技大学区域公共管理信息化研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国经济刘易斯转折的判断与农村剩余劳动力转移问题研究”(16BJL113)资助
【分类号】：D669.2;F279.2

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