论英国学派的“均势观”

发布时间：2018-07-06 07:42

本文选题：英国学派 + 均势思想　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：均势理论作为国际政治理论中最古老、最具争议的理论,受到不少国际理论家的青睐。本文立足于英国学派,研究英国学派各位学者是如何看待均势的以及他们对均势会作何解释。本文正文共分为三章。第一章,简单介绍了英国学派均势思想的起源以及现代欧洲历史中均势思想的发展。英国学派学者巴特菲尔德认为,均势思想与现代历史息息相关,古代社会中是不可能存在均势思想的;而且,均势思想起源于文艺复兴时期的意大利,《乌特勒支条约》第一次以法律条纹的形式规定了均势原则,18世纪成为欧洲均势发展的“黄金时期”。第二章,重点论述了英国学派学者马丁·怀特、赫德利·布尔和理查德·利特尔对均势的理解。鉴于“均势”这一概念的模糊性,怀特和布尔从不同的角度对均势进行了分类,赋予均势不同的定义;利特尔也论证了均势分为联合性均势和对抗性均势。但从根本上说,均势是用来阻止主导大国产生、维持国际秩序和保证国家独立的思想或制度。第三章,从英国学派的方法论即历史的角度出发,论证了从古至今世界历史中的均势思想。从古希腊到现代欧洲,从中国春秋战国时期到冷战结束后的21世纪,均势思想无处不在,但均势是不稳定的,不可能长久的保持下去,总存在着均势失败的情形。最后结语处,对英国学派的均势思想从整体上进行概括。
[Abstract]:As the oldest and most controversial theory in international political theory, balance of power theory is favored by many international theorists. Based on the English school, this paper studies how the British school scholars look at the balance of power and how they explain it. The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the origin of the thought of balance of power in English school and the development of the thought of balance of power in modern European history. Butterfield, an English scholar, believes that the thought of balance of power is closely related to modern history, and that there is no such thing as balance of power in ancient society. The thought of balance of power originated in Italy during the Renaissance. The Treaty of Utrecht first stipulated the principle of balance of power in the form of legal stripes. In the 18th century, it became the "golden age" of the development of European balance of power. The second chapter focuses on the British scholars Martin White, Hedley Bull and Richard Little's understanding of the balance of power. In view of the fuzziness of the concept of "balance of power", White and Boer classify it from different angles and endow it with different definitions, and Little also demonstrates that the equilibrium is divided into combined equilibrium and adversarial equilibrium. But fundamentally, the balance of power is used to prevent the emergence of leading powers, to maintain international order and to ensure national independence. Chapter three, from the perspective of the methodology of the English school, demonstrates the thought of balance of power in the world history from ancient to present. From ancient Greece to modern Europe, from the Spring and Autumn period of China to the end of the Cold War in the 21st century, the balance of power thought is everywhere, but the balance of power is unstable, can not be maintained for a long time, there is always a balance of power failure situation. Finally, the conclusion of the British school of balance of power from the overall summary.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D50

【参考文献】