安徽民进参与公共政策制定研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 04:10

本文选题：民主党派 + 政治参与　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：公共政策制定是指政府等公共权力部门为了解决社会中出现的某个公共问题,维护全体公民的长远利益,通过出台法律法规等形式,在全社会推广并强制执行的过程。在当前经济结构多元化、社会阶层多样化、利益诉求复杂化的背景下,经济利益主体间、经济利益与社会利益之间的冲突也越来越明显。此时,原本维护社会公平秩序的公共政策变成一种稀缺资源,这给公共政策的制定带来了新的挑战。公共政策制定者,在考虑政策目标、设计政策方案、确定政策方案的过程中,若是不能广泛听取和吸纳社会各个方面的合理诉求和意见,公共政策一出台可能得不到广大政策对象的认可,也就不能节约执行成本、减少社会矛盾,最终达到预定的公共政策目标。当前,我国正处于社会转型与快速发展时期,社会各个阶层对于公共政策制定参与由计划经济时期的被动变为主动,公民主人翁意识觉醒,民主政治观念全社会深化。我国实行的中国共产党领导多党合作和政治协商的政治制度,是实现社会主义民主政治的重要方式。民主党派具有特殊的政治优势和天然的人才优势,能够联系到不同的社会群体和阶层,可以反映社会各阶层的社会诉求,使公共政策的制定更加科学和民主。2015年9月,中国共产党中央印发了《中国共产党统一战线工作条例(试行)》指出"民主党派的基本职能是参政议政、民主监督,参加中国共产党领导的政治协商。""民主党派和无党派人士参政的主要内容是.·参加国家政权,参与重要方针政策、重要领导人选的协商,参与国家事务的管理,参与国家方针政策、法律法规的制定和执行。"民主党派参政议政的职能表明民主党派的履行职能的过程很大程度上与公共政策紧密联系。论文首先概述了选题的研究背景和意义,我国民主党派参与公共政策制定的发展演变、基本途径与方式和意义。然后介绍了安徽民进的组织情况、近年参与公共政策制定的主要内容、所取得的成绩和历史经验。以安徽民进为例,分析了在参与公共政策制定中存在的问题及其原因,最后总结了完善民主党派参与公共政策制定的对策。论文从安徽民进出发,旨在通过其参与公共政策制定现状进行分析,指出民主党派在参与公共政策中所遇到的问题、探讨相关的对策。以个体反映整体,一方面对于公众增加对民主党派的认识,提高民主党派影响力有积极的意义,同时也有助于总结民主党派履职过程中的不足,为民主党派进一步加强自身建设指明方向;另一方面对于政策制定者更好的统筹协调社会各阶层的利益诉求,实现公共政策制定过程中的民主化和科学化。
[Abstract]:Public policy making refers to the process that the government and other public power departments popularize and enforce the whole society in order to solve a public problem and safeguard the long-term interests of all citizens through the introduction of laws and regulations. Under the background of diversification of economic structure, diversification of social stratum and complexity of interest demands, the conflicts between economic interests and social interests are becoming more and more obvious. At this time, the public policy of maintaining social fairness and order has become a scarce resource, which brings new challenges to the formulation of public policy. Public policy makers, in the process of considering policy objectives, designing policy plans, and defining policy options, if they cannot extensively listen to and absorb reasonable demands and opinions from all aspects of society, As soon as the public policy is introduced, it may not be approved by the broad policy object, and it will not save the execution cost, reduce the social contradiction, and finally reach the target of the public policy. At present, China is in the period of social transformation and rapid development. The participation of all social strata in public policy formulation has changed from passive to active in the period of planned economy, the citizen's sense of ownership has awakened, and the concept of democratic politics has deepened in the whole society. The Chinese Communist Party's political system of leading multi-party cooperation and political consultation is an important way to realize socialist democratic politics. The democratic parties have special political advantages and natural talent advantages, can relate to different social groups and strata, can reflect the social demands of all sectors of society, and make the formulation of public policies more scientific and democratic. September 2015, The CPC Central Committee issued the regulations on the United Front work of the Communist Party of China (try out) and pointed out that "the basic functions of the democratic parties are to participate in government affairs, democratic supervision, and to participate in the political consultations led by the Communist Party of China." The main contents of the participation of democratic parties and persons without party affiliation in politics are: to participate in state power, to participate in important principles and policies, to consult important leaders, to participate in the management of state affairs, to participate in the formulation and implementation of state principles and policies, and to formulate laws and regulations. " The democratic party's function of participating in the government and discussing the government shows that the process of performing the function of the democratic party is closely related to the public policy to a great extent. Firstly, the paper summarizes the research background and significance of the topic, the development and evolution of democratic parties' participation in public policy formulation, the basic ways and means and significance. Then it introduces the organization of Anhui people's movement, the main contents of public policy making in recent years, the achievements and historical experience. Taking the people's movement in Anhui as an example, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the process of participating in the formulation of public policies and their causes, and finally summarizes the countermeasures for perfecting the democratic parties' participation in the formulation of public policies. This paper aims at analyzing the current situation of the participation of the democratic parties in public policy making, pointing out the problems encountered by the democratic parties in participating in the public policy, and discussing the relevant countermeasures. Reflecting the whole by individuals, on the one hand, has positive significance for the public to increase their understanding of the democratic parties and increase their influence, but also helps to sum up the shortcomings of the democratic parties in the process of performing their duties. On the other hand, it points out the direction for the democratic parties to further strengthen their own construction; on the other hand, it is better for the policy makers to coordinate the interests of all social strata as a whole, and to realize the democratization and scientization in the process of making public policies.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D665.3;D63

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