征信特性同一性_同一性与指称理论评析

发布时间：2016-10-16 15:09

  本文关键词：同一性与指称理论评析，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

同一性与指称理论评析

     2009-7-22 17:47:06     来源：     

　　论文标题同一性与指称理论评析
Analysis on the Theory of Identity and Reference
论文作者吕进
论文导师何向东,论文学位硕士,论文专业逻辑学
论文单位西南师范大学,点击次数27,论文页数37页File Size2536k
2005-04-01同一性;指称;可能世界;认识;实践
identity; reference; possible world; cognition; practice
自近代哲学特别是现代逻辑发展以来,同一性一直是逻辑学家和哲学家们热烈讨论的话题。其中比较有影响的主要有洛克、莱布尼茨、弗雷格、罗素、维特根斯坦、克里普克等。 关于同一性,历史上提出了几个主要问题:什么是同一性?是关于个体的同一还是关于共相的同一?指称理论怎样解决同一性问题?随着模态逻辑的兴起,还提出了跨世界同一及其识别问题,以及与这个问题有着密切联系的关于本质主义的争论。对于这些问题的不同解答,表现出了不同的逻辑观和认识论观点。本文围绕这些问题,在阐释、比较、分析各种观点的基础上进行讨论,得出这样的观点:应当在坚持认识的整体论和发生论的基础上讨论同一性;同一性相对于作为背景的整体认知而言是必然的。 全文分为四个部分: 第一部分:在绪言论证了同一性是相对于个体而言的基础上,阐释和探讨了洛克、莱布尼茨等人的观点,提出把同一性限制在莱布尼茨框架下进行讨论。同时提出并分析了同一性的标准问题、同一性的必然性问题的几种观点,由此引出关于同一性的几个基本命题进行讨论,说明了同一性与指称的密切关系。 第二部分:详细分析了两种主要的关于名称的指称理论:以罗素为代表的摹状词理论和以克里普克的历史因果的指称理论。分别讨论了它们的优劣以及对同一性命题的解释及其得失。由于克里普克对摹状词理论的批评集中在可能世界中的缺陷,由此引入了跨世界同一及其识别问题。 第三部分:分析探讨了不同的可能世界观下面的跨世界同一及其识别问题。 第四部分:结论。提出并论证了以下观点:为摹状词理论辩护:一种新的可能世界观以及它对同一性的解释;同一性认识的认识论后果:实践要求必须坚持整体论和发生论的认识观。
Since modern philosophy especially modern logic developed, the discussion among logicians and philosophers have long been focused on identity in the realm of logic and philosophy. Among them those with great influence include Locke , Leibniz , Russell, Wittgenstein, Kripke, etc.As for identity, the main questions put forward in history are: What is identity? Is it the identity of individual or of community? How will the theory of reference resolve the problem of identity? With the theory of model logic being raised, the problem of global unification and its identification, as well as essentialism, are also put forward. Different logic and epistemological view are showed in the solution toward these problems. This paper will discuss these problems by interpreting and comparing different ideas and then come to such a conclusion: We should discuss identity on the basis of cognitive generality and development. Identity is inevitable on opposite of the whole cognition as background.The whole article is divided into four parts:Part one interprets and discusses the view of Locke and Leibniz and puts forward that the problem of identity should be discussed under Leibniz"s frame. It also proposes and analyzes identity criteria and identity necessity. Thereafter a few basic concepts about identity are consulted and the relation between identity and reference are explained.The second part analyzes two important reference theory concerning name: Description Theory represented by Russell and Historical Casual Theory of Reference represented by Kripke. The part discusses their advantages and disadvantages and then global identity and identification are led in.Part three analyzes global identity and its identification under different possible view of the world: Those who oppose the possibility of the world deny the existence of this problem; The other who support the possibility of the world hold on their own view.Part four is the conclusion. This final part puts forward and expounds the following viewpoint: Defending on Description Theory; A new possible global view and its explanation about identity; The epistemological result from identity cognition; Practice requires insistence on the theory of general and genetic epistemology.

  本文关键词：同一性与指称理论评析，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

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