意义分析与指谓异质性

发布时间：2018-05-07 06:24

本文选题：意义分析 + 指谓异质性　；参考：《理论探讨》2009年04期

【摘要】：人类用符号去指谓直观意识对象的最一般形式是:x是a。这也是一种最简单的判断,即s是p。其中,x是判断的主词s(subject),a是判断的谓词p(predicate)。s之为x,在于它的作用只是指出一个对象以让谓词去述谓,相当于设定一个意义的空格以让谓词去填补,是为意义虚项。相比之下,谓词p的作用就在于作为一个特定的意义a去填补主词的意义空格,是为意义实项。做出一个判断s是p,其意识功能就在于把一个意义实项填补给一个意义虚项,从而实现对于对象的某一特定意义的意识到。表示普遍性的词语既可以作主词也可以作谓词,亦即既可以充当意义虚项也可以充当意义实项,而表示个别事物的专名则只能作主词而不能作谓词,因而是绝对的意义虚项。如是,在专名对某一事物的指代和普遍词对该事物的述谓之间就不存在可以逻辑推定的关系,从而由它们组成的判断是否属实就只能诉诸直观认定。指谓之间的这种关系性质就是"指谓异质性",而这种哲学分析范式就是"意义分析"。
[Abstract]:The most general form in which human beings use symbols to refer to objects of intuitive consciousness is that: X is a. This is also one of the simplest judgments, that is, s is p. Where X is the subject of judgment, the predicate of judgment, p(predicate).s, is x, because its function is to point out an object to let the predicate state the predicate, which is equivalent to setting a space of meaning to be filled by the predicate, which is an empty item of meaning. In contrast, the function of predicate p is to fill in the space of the subject as a special meaning a. To make a judgment that s is p, the function of consciousness is to fill a real item of meaning into a virtual item of meaning, and realize the realization of the realization of a particular meaning of an object. Words that express universality can be either subject or predicate, that is to say, they can act both as virtual items of meaning and as real items of meaning, while the proper names of individual things can only be used as subjects rather than predicates, so they are absolute empty items of meaning. If so, there is no logical inferred relationship between the reference of a thing by a proper name and the predicate of a thing by a universal word, so the judgment made up of them can only be judged directly. The nature of the relationship between finger-predicate is "finger-predicate heterogeneity", and this philosophical analysis paradigm is "meaning analysis".
【作者单位】：中山大学马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所暨哲学系;
【基金】：教育部新世纪人才支持计划成果(NCET-06-0738)
【分类号】：B812

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